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Water Use Efficiency
Guidebook
Background
One of the three elements of the water use efficiency rule is
water use efficiency goal setting and performance reporting.
Municipal water suppliers must set water use efficiency goals
through a public process and report annually on their
performance to customers and the Department of Health
(DOH), and also make this information available to the public.
Water Use Efficiency Goal Setting
All municipal water suppliers with 1,000 or more connections must set their initial water use
efficiency goals by January 22, 2008, or by January 22, 2009 for water systems with fewer than
1,000 connections. These water use efficiency goals must be set through a public process and re-
evaluated at least every six years. Municipal water suppliers may use their existing public
processes as long as they meet the requirements of the rule.
All municipal water suppliers need to set water use efficiency goals and record these goals in
planning documents and performance reports. When setting water use efficiency goals, the
municipal water supplier must:
• Include a measurable outcome in terms of water production or consumption (for example:
reduce peak production volumes by five percent, maintain current single family residential
use, and reduce leakage from 30 percent to 10 percent).
• Address water supply and forecasted demand characteristics.
• Include an implementation schedule for meeting the goals.
Performance Report
All municipal water suppliers must report annually (by July 1) on their water use efficiency
performance to customers and DOH, and also make this information available to the public.
Municipal water suppliers may fulfill the reporting requirement to their customers and the public
by including performance information in their consumer confidence report (an annual water
quality report mailed to customers).
When reporting annually to DOH, municipal water suppliers must use the Annual Water Use
Efficiency Performance Report Form, DOH Form #331-376.
July 2007
DOH PUB. #331-305
(Update)
Water Use Efficiency Rule
Goal Setting and Performance
Reporting Requirements
The Department of Health is an equal opportunity agency. For persons with disabilities, this document is available on
request in other formats. To submit a request, please call 1-800-525-0127 (TTY 1-800-833-6388). For additional copies
of this publication, call 1-800-521-0323. This and other publications are available at http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/dw
Performance reports need to include the following elements:
• Annual water system production total.
• Annual distribution system leakage information. If a municipal water supplier is not fully
metered, then it needs to report annually on its progress toward installing meters on all
service connections (see Fact Sheet Distribution Leakage Standard, DOH Pub. #331-304
for more details).
• A description of the water system’s water use efficiency goals and progress toward
achieving those goals.
Performance Reporting Schedule
For municipal water suppliers with 1,000 or more connections, the initial performance report is
due July 1, 2008.
For municipal water suppliers with fewer than 1,000 connections, the initial performance report
is due July 1, 2009.
For More Information
If you have any questions about the water use efficiency rule, please contact:
Michael Dexel
Water Resources Policy Lead
Office of Drinking Water
Department of Health
PO Box 47822
Olympia, Washington 98504-7822
Phone: 360-236-3154
Fax: 360-236-2252
E-mail: michael.dexel@doh.wa.gov
Additional information can be found on the Web at:
http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/dw/municipal_water/water_use_efficiency_rule.htm
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-1
Section 1
Description of Water System
The City of Port Townsend’s municipal water is supplied by gravity from the Big and Little
Quilcene Rivers. The existing surface water system has been in operation since 1928,
making it one of the oldest water systems in Washington State. In addition to serving the
residents of the City of Port Townsend, the system provides water to the Port Townsend
Paper Company, the Glen Cove area to the south of the City, the unincorporated rural area
just to the west of the City, and wholesale water to Public Utility District No. 1 of Jefferson
County (PUD) for its use in supplying the South Hastings Loop. The City provides water
for approximately 4,300 connections and has a service area that varies from the densely
developed downtown to undeveloped open space. The City is designated as an Urban
Growth Area and is expected to absorb much of the future development in eastern Jefferson
County.
In 2002, the City of Port Townsend exchanged the Tri-Area ground water system and
service area for the PUD’s Glen Cove service area, which was served with surface water
wholesaled from the City. The City now serves the Glen Cove area retail customers. In
addition, as part of the exchange, the City acquired a small ground water system (Discovery
Grove #1 System ID 036695) serving 12 lots adjacent to Glen Cove. Discovery Grove #1 is
an independent group B system that has no connection to Port Townsend’s surface water
system.
1.1 Ownership and Management
The City of Port Townsend (City) owns and manages its water system for typical municipal
purposes that include residential, commercial, industrial, and government uses. The
Washington State Department of Health (WSDOH) water system identification number for
the City’s municipal system is 69000R.
The Water Operations Manager within the Public Works Department oversees the City’s
water system. The Water Operations Group is comprised of two sub-groups, one of which
focuses on water quality and treatment issues (the Water Quality Group) and the other that
focuses on distribution system related issues (Water Distribution Group). Day-to-day
maintenance and operations are executed by the Water Distribution and Water Quality
Groups. Water system planning, design, and other non-routine management of the water
system are addressed by engineering staff within the Public Works Department. A copy of
the City’s Water Facilities Inventory (WFI), a document filed with WSDOH identifying
major facilities and water rights, is presented in Appendix A.
Since it is a surface water system, a key component of the City’s water system is the
watershed. Most land in the municipal watershed is managed by the Forest Service. In
order to ensure that the watershed continues to provide high quality source water to the
City, the City and the Forest Service have entered into an agreement in which both parties
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-2
outline their responsibilities in the Watershed Protection Program. A copy of this
agreement can be found in Appendix B and is further described in Section 5.
1.2 System Background
The City’s isolation at the north end of the Quimper Peninsula, in the rain shadow of the
Olympic Mountains, made it necessary early in the City’s history for community and
industry leaders to look further to the south for sufficient water supply. A summary of the
history of the City’s water system, its geographical and climatic setting, and its spatial
relationship to nearby water systems are presented in the following subsections.
1.2.1 History of Water System Development and Growth
The Spring Valley Water Company (SVWC) supplied the City of Port Townsend with water
in the late 1800s and the early 1900s. The SVWC’s original water supplies were springs near
the pond at F Street and San Juan Avenue near the existing Golf Course. The SVWC later
began development of a diversion on Snow Creek, just west of Crocker Lake, as additional
water was needed for growth. The City acquired the SVWC in 1904 and finished
construction of a wood stave pipeline and diversion in 1906. Snow Creek served as the
City’s water supply until 1928 when construction of the Crown-Zellerbach Kraft paper mill
(now Port Townsend Paper Company) created water demands that far exceeded the
capacity of the Snow Creek supply system.
To accommodate the demands from the Mill, the City applied for and received water rights
to the Big Quilcene and Little Quilcene Rivers, and the City and Crown-Zellerbach
cooperatively undertook the Big Quilcene diversion project. Wood stave pipe ranging in
diameter from 20 to 30 inches was constructed from a timber crib diversion structure on the
Big Quilcene River to the City. In the 1950s, the wood stave pipe was replaced with steel
pipe. The existing 28.5-mile pipeline from the Big Quilcene River diversion to the City is
comprised mostly of 30-inch diameter steel pipe with some shorter sections of 24-, 28-, and
36-inch diameter steel pipe. This supply pipeline, which is known as the Olympic Gravity
Water System (OGWS), is shown in Figure 1-1.
The City and the Mill developed the Little Quilcene River in 1956 as a supplemental supply
to the Big Quilcene River supply. A timber crib diversion dam was constructed on the Little
Quilcene River along with a 20-inch diameter steel pipeline to covey water by gravity to
Lords Lake Reservoir, which was also constructed in 1956. A 20-inch diameter pipeline
connects Lords Lake to the 30-inch diameter OGWS. The Little Quilcene River timber crib
diversion was replaced in 1995 with a concrete diversion structure.
The City owns all of the diversion, reservoir, and transmission facilities associated with the
OGWS as well as the water rights. A 1956 lease agreement, amended in 1983, between the
Mill and the City permits the Mill to use the OGWS supply at no cost in exchange for
payment of the debt service on the bond, which funded the 1950s improvements, and for
operating and maintaining the pipeline and diversion structures. City staff operates the
chlorine system at City Lake and the water system within the City.
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-3
1.2.2 Geography and Climate
Port Townsend is located approximately 50 miles northwest of Seattle at the tip of the
Quimper Peninsula and covers approximately 4,652 acres. The city is bounded by Port
Townsend Bay to the south, Admiralty Inlet to the east, and the Strait of Juan de Fuca to the
north. Unincorporated Jefferson County lies to the west.
The City’s service area lies within the Puget Sound lowlands on the Quimper Peninsula in
eastern Jefferson County. The Quimper Peninsula is a smaller peninsula extending into
Admiralty Inlet from the larger Olympic Peninsula. The Olympic Mountains are located to
the west and southwest and are the source of numerous river systems.
Regional landforms have been shaped by historical glacial periods. The Puget Sound
lowlands are essentially a glacial drift plain with underlain soils deposited by advancing
and retreating glacial ice. At least four separate glaciers have invaded the Puget Sound
lowlands, leaving behind a complex series of sediments up to 2,000 feet thick.
The Quimper Peninsula is generally characterized by wooded rolling hills that trend north-
south. Ground surface elevations on the peninsula range from sea level to approximately
500 feet. Steep, wave-cut bluffs along Discovery Bay, the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and Puget
Sound are common. Indian and Marrowstone Islands are consistent with the general
topographic features of the adjacent peninsula.
The northern end of the Quimper Peninsula, in the rain shadow of the Olympic Mountains,
does not typically receive the heavy precipitation common in other parts of the Olympic
Peninsula and Puget Sound lowlands. The majority of the City’s annual precipitation,
mostly in the form of rain, occurs in the winter months, when most weather patterns pass
over the City from the south. The City’s average annual minimum and maximum
precipitation are approximately 12 inches and 27 inches, respectively while average annual
precipitation is about 18 inches. Average annual precipitation in the northern portion of
the municipal watershed is less than 50 inches. Southward toward the Tunnel Creek
drainage average precipitation increases to 75 inches in the vicinity of Mt. Constance.
Annual rainfall at the Big Quilcene diversion, between 1950 and 1980, ranged from a low of
36.76" in 1976 to a high of 86.29" in 1966, averaging 68.28".
1.2.3 Neighboring/Adjacent Purveyors
The City’s service area and those of nearby water systems are shown in Figure 1-2.
1.3 Inventory of Existing Facilities
The main facilities of the City’s water system are summarized in Table 1-1 and shown in
Figure 1-3. This section provides a brief description of the facilities.
The City water system is supplied from unfiltered surface water from the Big Quilcene and
Little Quilcene Rivers. This supply is located approximately 30 miles south of the City. The
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-4
City has a close working relationship with the United States Forest Service, which manages
most of the watershed land.
The Big Quilcene River is the primary water supply for the City. Water from the Little
Quilcene River diversion is used to fill Lords Lake, which has a capacity of approximately
Table 1-1
Summary of Main Water System Facilities
Facility Year Built Description/Size Elevation
(feet)
Capacity Construction
Materials
Supply
Big Quilcene River Diversion 1928 Timber crib diversion 1,023
(overflow)
19.4 mgd Timber
Little Quilcene River Diversion 1956
Rebuilt 1995
Concrete diversion 1,050
(overflow)
6.2 mgd Concrete
Lords Lake 1956 Earthen dam 920
(overflow)
500 mg Natural
City Lake 1906 Earthen dam 610
(overflow)
120 mg Natural
OGWS 1928
rebuilt 1950s
Steel pipeline from the Big
Quilcene River to the City
Varies Approx. 20
mgd
Steel
Treatment
Chlorination at City Lake 1928 180 lbs per day feed capacity (150-
lb Cylinders)
180 lb/day --
Distribution System Storage
5-mg Reservoir 1979 38 feet tall by 155 diameter 328
(overflow)
5 mg Concrete
1-mg Standpipe 1994 84 feet tall by 47 feet diameter 375
(overflow)
1 mg Steel
Morgan Hill Reservoir (not in use) 1910 2 in-ground, uncovered, concrete
lined reservoirs
280
(overflow)
5 mg Concrete
Distribution System Pumping
Morgan Hill Booster Station 2004 2 domestic flow pumps (1 service,
1 standby), 3 high flow pumps (2
service, 1 standby), emergency
power, serving closed distribution
system with 2,000 gallons of
storage
100 gpm
each
(domestic),
550 gpm
each (high
flow)
500 million gallons. Lords Lake can also be filled from the Big Quilcene Diversion. The
City’s surface water supply is high in quality with generally very low turbidity. When the
Big and Little Quilcene Rivers experience high-turbidity events, the City and PTPC use
water stored in Lords Lake or City Lake. The entire system operates by gravity from both of
the diversions, to Lords Lake, City Lake, and the City. City Lake functions as a raw-water-
equalizing reservoir with approximately 120 million gallons of storage.
The OGWS pipeline is capable of transporting approximately 20 mgd to City customers and
the Port Townsend Paper Company. An intertie at the southern City boundary divides the
flow between the City and paper mill. Through a long-term contract between the Mill and
the City, PTPC operates and maintains the OGWS pipeline and diversion in exchange for
receiving use of the water. The City is allocated a maximum rate of 7.74 cfs (5 mgd). Of
this, a maximum of up to 1 mgd is allowed to be allocated by contract to the Tri-Area. In the
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-5
event of a water shortage, the City is given first priority for the available water and the Mill
must cut production or conserve water to deliver the contracted volumes of water to the
City.
Water from City Lake flows through a mesh screen, which prevents large objects from
entering the OGWS pipeline below City Lake. Chlorine gas is injected as a disinfectant into
the OGWS pipeline just below City Lake. Chlorine is fed from 150-lb cylinders at a dosage
up to 1.2 mg/L through a gas chlorinator/injector system. Automatic switchover and leak
detection is provided for the feed system. The feed rate of the City’s chlorine system at
City Lake is controlled manually. Significant changes in flow rate in the OGWS must be
accompanied by a manual change of the chlorine feed rate. Maintaining steady OGWS
flows allows the Mill to operate a hydro-turbine generator and actual plant usage to
fluctuate without impacting the total combined flow to the City and the Mill and ensures
consistent chlorine residuals are maintained. During periods of low flow in the Big
Quilcene River, PTPC shuts off the power generation, saving approximately 2.0 mgd,
reducing the need to draft from Lords Lake, and preserves the instream fisheries. Chlorine
residual monitoring is provided just downstream of the City Lake injection point, at Four
Corners, and at the CT station by the City’s reservoirs.
Chlorine residual, flow, pH, and temperature are monitored at the CT station. The chlorine
feed rate is generally constant as flows to the Mill and City are normally maintained at a
uniform rate.
The City operates two storage reservoirs: a 35-foot tall, 5-million gallon concrete reservoir
that serves the City’s low elevation zone and an 84-foot tall, 1-million gallon steel standpipe
that serves the City’s high elevation zone. Both reservoirs have baffles to increase the
contact time in the reservoir to meet CT requirements.
The City has approximately 100 miles of distribution system pipelines and 4400 customer
connections in its service area. Much of the distribution system, including nearly all of the
larger-diameter pipelines, is constructed of asbestos cement. The majority of the remainder
of the piping system is constructed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The Morgan Hill booster
pump station, constructed in 2004, has 2 domestic flow pumps (1 service, 1 standby), 3 high
flow pumps (2 service, 1 standby), emergency power, which serves closed distribution
system with 2,000 gallons of storage.
The City has complied with water quality testing requirements for asbestos in the water
system, demonstrating that concentrations are below the required standard. However,
asbestos cement pipelines have been shown to be susceptible to deterioration in less time
than other pipelines constructed of more durable materials. Thus, there is some concern
that the City’s aging asbestos cement pipelines may need replacement, particularly the
smaller 4” lines.
The Tri-Area system, formerly owned and operated by the City of Port Townsend, is
supplied by groundwater from the Sparling Wells and treatment facility. However, it is
possible to supply the system with water from the OGWS through the Four Corners intertie
connection in case of emergency (Figure 1-3). The capacity of this connection is
approximately 0.8 mgd. The OGWS water does not have the required chlorine contact at
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-6
this location; thus, supplying the Tri-Area in this manner could only be implemented on an
emergency basis with WSDOH approval.
1.4 Related Plans
The following sections inventory and summarize the major planning documents that impact
the City’s water system.
1.4.1 1996 City of Port Townsend GMA Comprehensive Plan
The City adopted its Comprehensive Plan by Ordinance No. 2539 in July 1996. The plan
was prepared to comply with the GMA and includes policies and strategies for land use,
housing, capital facilities, utilities, transportation, and economic development. As a result,
other City plans, policies, and regulations must be consistent with the Comprehensive Plan.
Future water system needs are based on the land use plan in this document. By Ordinance
No. 2842, the City fully implemented the Revision 1.9 of the land use map through adoption
of a zoning map and new zoning regulations.
The City’s GMA Comprehensive Plan states that it will provide water service as prescribed
by the plan. Utilities such as wastewater and stormwater will provide service as prescribed
in their respective planning documents. The Water System Plan was developed in concert
with the vision, policies, goals, and objectives of the GMA Comprehensive Plan.
1.4.2 1996 Jefferson County Coordinated Water System Plan Update
In 1983, the Jefferson County Board of Commissioners declared Jefferson County as a
Critical Water Supply Service Area (CWSSA). The Water Utility Coordination Committee
(WUCC) was formed to oversee the development of recommendations for individual utility
plans and a countywide program for coordinated management of water supply within
Jefferson County. The first Jefferson County CWSP was completed in 1986. The CWSP
provides a framework for coordinating water service by the various providers in the
County. Individual water system planning documents for each purveyor within the
CWSSA must conform to the regional framework established by the adopted CWSP. The
Public Water System Coordination Act (Chapter 246-293 WAC) requires a review and
update of the CWSP every 5 years, or sooner if necessary. Jefferson County, the City, and
the PUD have jointly funded the update of the 1986 CWSP.
In 1993 a draft CWSP was released for review. The WUCC was reorganized and officially
designated by the Board of County Commissioners. The 1993 draft became the basis of the
1996 CWSP. The 1996 CWSP was approved by the WUCC on November 27, 1996, and by
the DOH on May 12, 1997. The WUCC has met periodically to update the currently
approved CWSP service areas and make several policy changes. Jefferson County has been
the lead agency for WUCC planning since 2002.
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-7
1.4.3 1994 Dungeness/Quilcene Water Resources Management Plan
The Dungeness/Quilcene (D/Q) Plan, completed in June 1994 and approved by the
Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) in September 1994, contains
recommendations for water resources management for the region and specifically for
Clallam and Jefferson Counties. The D/Q Plan was produced in accordance with the
Chelan Agreement over the course of 3 years with caucuses representing agriculture,
business, the environment, fisheries, recreation, and local, state, and tribal governments.
The D/Q Plan recommendations are presented in Appendix C. Recommendations relating
to conservation, instream flow, habitat restoration, and groundwater withdrawal could
eventually become components of government policy.
1.4.4 Jefferson County Water Resources Council
The Jefferson County Water Resources Council was formed in recognition of the complexity
of water issues in east Jefferson County, to build relationships, to set priorities, and to solve
problems related to water resource issues. The purpose of the council was to provide a
collaborative forum for coordination and cooperation among all interests, while avoiding
duplication with other groups. The council was an advisory body to established decision-
making bodies and communities of interest. As such, the council made recommendations
concerning the use, protection, restoration, and enhancement of the water resources of east
Jefferson County. The council’s tasks included development of implementation strategies
based on the recommendations of the Dungeness/Quilcene Water Resources Management
Plan and supporting a balance of economic, cultural, and environmental interests in the
management of the water resources in east Jefferson County.
The City was a charter member of the council and provided the sole source of funding for
coordination and facilitation from 1995 to late 1996. In August 1996, the City entered into an
MOU with the PUD to share coordination funding. Jefferson County itself became a
participating member of the council in early 1998 . The council has not been active since the
establishment of the WRIA-17 Planning Unit in 1998.
1.4.5 2005 Water Resource Inventory Area (WRIA)-17 Watershed Plan
The Washington State Legislature passed HB2514, the Watershed Management Act of 1998.
The purpose of the Watershed Management Act was to provide a framework for addressing
water quality, water quantity, and salmon habitat issues at the local level. The Act provided
grant funding to Planning Units, which are councils of governmental and non-governmental
entities, to determine the status of water resources in a watershed; and resolve the often-
conflicting demands for that water, including ensuring that enough water is available for
salmon. Each Planning Unit is responsible for a specific geographic area, called a Water
Resource Inventory Area, or WRIA. The WRIA boundaries are established in the state’s
administrative code. The goal of the WRIA 17 Planning Unit was to create a watershed plan
that addressed water quantity, water quality, instream flows, and habitat, using the
Dungeness-Quilcene Plan as a foundation. A summary of the WRIA-17’s Watershed
Management Plan is provided in Appendix D.
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-8
To support development of the watershed plan, the Planning Unit commissioned a technical
assessment of the watershed using grant funding from the Department of Ecology. The
technical assessment, completed in 2000, summarized existing scientific information about
the watershed, focusing on four topics of interest to the Planning Unit – water quantity,
instream flows, water quality, and habitat. A number of additional studies were initiated to
assist in the development of instream flow recommendations for streams in WRIA-17. A
consensus of Planning Unit members forwarded minimum flow recommendations to the
Department of Ecology in 2005.
1.4.6 1998 Comprehensive Water System Plan
The City’s 1998 Comprehensive Water System Plan was prepared by CH2M HILL and
approved by DOH. The plan provided a review of the existing water system, an analysis of
its hydraulics, recommendations for system improvements, and a plan for meeting federal
and state requirements.
1.4.7 2004 Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan and Unified
Development Code
Jefferson County adopted its first post-GMA Comprehensive Plan in 1998, substantially
updating and revising it in 2004. The Plan includes policies and strategies for land use,
housing, capital facilities, utilities, transportation, economic development, and natural
resources and environment. The Unified Development Code (UDC) came into effect in
January 2001 as the set of regulations that implement the Comprehensive Plan. Policies,
regulations, and maps were adopted for the Irondale and Port Hadlock Urban Growth Area
(UGA) in 2004, which has since been contested before the GMA Hearings Board. To the
extent the City has long-term excess capacity to serve out-of-city water demands, the City
water service outside the city limits must not be inconsistent with the adopted land use
ordinances, plans, and development regulations of Jefferson County.
1.5 Existing Service Area
The City’s water service areas are shown in Figure 1-4. The City service area incorporates
all areas within the City limits and adjacent lands west to and south of the City as described
below. Area between the City limits and North Jacob Miller Rd. extending south, excepting
property tax parcel numbers 001084020 and 001084021, continuing west along the County
Landfill Rd incorporating parcel numbers 001083012, 001084025 and 001172002. The
western boundary continues following along and including parcel numbers 992200401,
992200501, then shifting east to include parcels 001171011, 001171029, 001171028, 001171017,
001171012, 963303905, 963303904, 963303903, then extending west including the area
bounded by parcel numbers 963600101, 963600601, 963600701, 963601201, 963601301,
963601801, 963601901, 963602401, 963602301, 001173011, 001173010, 001173009, 001173008,
001172007, 001172006, 001172003, 001173005, 001173018, 001173015, 001173011, 001174021,
001174016, 001174015, 001174017, 001174018, 963304301, 963303204, 963303202, 963303104,
963303102, then the western boundary extending south and including parcels 948600101,
948601401, 948601501, 948602084, 948602801, 948602906, 948602901, 948604203, 001212008,
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-9
001212009, 001212034, 001212001, 001212017, 001212002, 001212005. The southern boundary
of the service area extends along Old Fort Townsend Rd. to and including parcel 001222002.
. This area west of the city limits is currently zoned rural by the County and is not expected
to be designated as an Urban Growth Area (UGA) in the near future. The area to the south,
Glen Cove, is the unincorporated part of the City’s UGA. See Appendix E for a copy of the
Jefferson PUD Agreement.
An agreement and two resolutions related to the City’s service area are presented in
Appendix P. These documents, in some cases, describe actions that have already transpired
such as transference of ownership of the Tri-Area system to Jefferson PUD and the Glen
Cove system to the City. These documents, adopted in 1996, serve as the basis for
establishing service area boundaries, provision of service, and related water service issues
under which the City continues to operate. Resolution 93-072, referenced as Attachment B
from the Agreement in Appendix P, is not included because it relates to Tri-Area service
area boundary issues that no longer apply.
The City is not actively seeking to extend service beyond the City limits and the current
areas outside the City limits it already serves. The City’s main planning focus is ensuring
that water system infrastructure is adequately sized to meet growth within the existing
service areas.
1.6 Land Use Zoning
Current land use for the City consists of a mixture of residential, mixed use, commercial,
industrial, public facilities, parks, and open space. A land use map is presented in Figure 1-
5. Descriptions of the zoning categories are provided in the City’s and County’s GMA
Comprehensive Plans. Copies of these descriptions are provided in Appendix F.
The City’s historical land use pattern was established during the 1800s. During this period,
plats were created with almost no regard to the topography or other natural physical
limitations of the land. The result of this platting activity is a largely uniform series of
approximately 11,100 parcels, typified by the 50-foot by 100-foot lot.
Land use and zoning for all other service areas outside of the city limits are within the
jurisdiction of Jefferson County.
1.7 Future Service Area
The City’s future service area is limited to infill within the existing service area. There are
no plans for expansion of the City boundaries or its service area, other than possible minor
corrections to include parcels already served outside the existing service area.
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-10
1.8 Service Area Agreements
Along with the City of Port Townsend and the PUD’s exchange of water systems in 2001,
both adopted revisions to their respective service areas. Appendix E and Figure 1-2 outline
the current service areas.
1.9 Service Area Policies
The City manages its water utility in accordance with water system policies that govern
various aspects of water utility operations. These policies are presented in Appendix G.
The City's water utility policies were prepared with guidance from the Water Advisory
Committee and represent a consensus of a variety of opinions and perspectives. The
policies provide the framework for the development of this plan, and provide guidance for
directing the City's water service. Establishment of these policies was necessary to provide
uniform treatment of all water utility customers and to document the basis for service for
current water system customers and those considering service from the City. The City’s
water utility mission is: “The water utility is committed to providing a safe, reliable supply
of high quality water, and responsive service to its customers.”
1.10 Conditions of Service
It is a requirement of the City of Port Townsend that all new development within the City
limits must connect to the city water system. Wells for domestic use are prohibited. In the
out-of-city service area the city has the right of first refusal regarding water service. If the
City elects not to provide water service, the applicant may seek service from another service
provider in accordance with the adopted Coordinated Water System Plan (CWSP). City
water service shall not be provided outside the city's currently adopted service area, unless
a prior contractual obligation exists committing the city to provide service. Contractual
obligations include service to the Port Townsend Paper Company and Jefferson County
PUD for LUD #3 (see Appendix W).
1.10.1 City Responsibility
The city shall own all water mains, service connections and appurtenances in public streets
or utility rights-of-way or easements to the property owner’s side of the water meter. The
person responsible for construction of such utility lines shall relinquish all interest in the
ownership of such lines upon acceptance by the city.
1.10.2 Customer Responsibility.
The ownership and responsibility for the maintenance of individual service pipe extensions
from the meter to the premises served shall be that of the owner of the premises served and
the city shall not be liable for any part thereof. (Ord. 2579 § 1, 1997).
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-11
1.10.3 Connection fee schedule
Water system development charges are set forth in Port Townsend Municipal Code chapter
13.03.
1.10.4 Meter and materials specifications
Material specifications for meters, pipe, fittings, valves, hydrants and other miscellaneous
water system materials is available in chapter 2-10 of the Port Townsend Engineering
Design Standards.
1.10.5 Consent agreements for inspection, maintenance, and repair
activities which may disrupt water service
All water system installations shall be inspected and approved by the City. All piping,
pumping, storage, and other facilities shall be located on public rights-of-way or dedicated
utility easements. Utility easements must be a minimum of 20 feet in width, and piping
shall be installed no closer than 5 feet from the easement's edge unless approved by the city.
Easements/rights-of-way for multiple utilities shall be a minimum of 25 feet wide.
Any person with an existing service connection or applying for a service connection to the
city’s water system shall be deemed to have freely and voluntarily consented to entry by
authorized city employees with proper identification, at reasonable hours of the day and
upon advance notice to the occupant, onto all parts of the premises or within buildings for
the purpose of inspecting the water system construction and/or checking conformity to
these regulations and the engineering design standards manual. All other right of entry by
city employees shall be governed by the procedures of Chapter 20.10 PTMC. (Ord. 2579 § 1,
997).
1.10.6 Cross-connection control requirements
Cross connections to the City's water system are prohibited. Cross connection control shall
be in accordance with WAC 246-290-490 et seq and the Accepted Procedure and Practice in
Cross Connection Control Manual -- Pacific Northwest Section of the American Water
Works Association, latest edition. Service connections shall conform to the standard detail
drawings in this chapter and to WSDOT/APWA Standard Specifications Section 7-15.
1.10.6 Late-comer pay back provisions
Conditions for utility latecomer agreements are outline in the Port Townsend Municipal
Code chapter 13.04.
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-12
1.10.7 Developer extension requirements, design standards, financing
responsibilities, or professional engineer design required
Any extension of the Port Townsend Water System must be approved by the Public Works
Department and all extensions must conform to these standards, the Port Townsend Water
System Plan, the rules and regulations of the Department of Health (Chapter 246-290 WAC),
the Port Townsend Fire Department requirements, and the Washington Surveying and
Rating Bureau (ISO). In designing and planning for any development, it is the developer's
responsibility to see that adequate water for both domestic and fire protection use is
attainable. The design of a water system extension is the responsibility of the Developer
proposing the construction and upgrading of the public water system.
All applicants for water system connections and improvements shall furnish drawings and
specifications necessary to describe and illustrate the proposed water system improvements.
If base maps prepared by a licensed land surveyor are available, the design and construction
plans shall be submitted on such maps. If base maps are unavailable, the public works
director may require a survey to avoid conflicts with existing facilities, to determine
elevations and contours, and to determine the right-of-way for utility placement.
All plans for main extensions and water system improvements shall be prepared,
signed and stamped by a civil engineer licensed in the State of Washington.
For main extensions and replacements of 260 feet (one city block) or less in Tier 1
which do not require engineered plans under another authority of the PTMC, the
developer has the option of the city performing the engineering for the fee
identified in Chapter 3.36 PTMC. Alternatively, the developer may pay for his or
her own engineering with the full cost to be borne by the developer.
All design and construction plans and specifications shall be prepared in
accordance with current DOT/APWA standard specifications and the city's
engineering design standards. If discrepancies exist in the standards and
specifications, the city engineering design standards shall take precedence.
The requirement for engineered plans may be waived in certain instances as
defined by the PTMC and approved by the City Engineer for minor
improvements to the water system that can be adequately inspected and certified
by the City Engineer, and that will still assure the long-term integrity of the
water system. As-builts must be submitted for the project.
All plans must be reviewed and approved by the Director prior to proceeding
with construction.
1.11 Complaints
The City has received 211 customer complaints regarding its water system over the last 6
years. The complaints were related to dirty water, taste and odor, low pressure, water leaks,
and damage to the water system. Customer complaint response is discussed in Section 6.8
of this Plan.
DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 1-13
1.12 SEPA
The City of Port Townsend prepared a SEPA checklist for this update to the Comprehensive
Water System Plan (Appendix AG). The Plan was prepared to comply with the
requirements of the Washington Department of Health (DOH) as set forth in the
Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 246-290-100. Adoption of this document is a non-
project action designed to improve and update the existing Plan that was published as an
ordinance effective August 3, 1998. The plan applies throughout the incorporated limits of
the City of Port Townsend, areas of unincorporated Jefferson County specified as the out-of-
city service area and where applicable, to users of contractual water service or supply. This
checklist covers the potential significant environmental impacts resulting from the adoption
of the plan described above. Following adoption of this plan, other detailed regulations
which implement the plan may be developed. Future SEPA reviews may be required for
project actions undertaken to implement the adopted Plan (i.e., construction of capital
facilities). The lead agency for this proposal, Port Townsend Development Services
Department, determined that it does not have a probable significant adverse impact on the
environment.
WATER DEMAND FORECASTING
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 2-1
Section 2
Basic Planning Data and Water Demand
Forecasting
This section defines the planning data, future land use, and future water demands for the
City of Port Townsend. Planning data and water use forecasts are used for system planning
purposes to assess the capability of the system to meet near-term and long-term demands.
Because additional supply could take a long time to develop, it is common to project supply
needs 20 years into the future. Water use forecasts are important for determining
infrastructure needs such as transmission, storage, treatment, and distribution facilities at
ultimate build-out conditions.
2.1 Current and Past Conditions
Data readily available for providing historical and current water use information was
compiled and is presented in this section. This data includes information on population
served, number of service connections, water consumption (as measured by individual
service meters), and demand (as measured by master meters).
2.1.1 Population and Service Connections
Past growth trends are important in predicting future growth. Growth estimates for the
City of Port Townsend were developed in light of historical trends. Current and past
population and water service connection estimates for 1990 through 2004 are presented in
Tables 2-1 and 2-2, respectively.
2.1.1.1 City Service Area
The population data presented herein for 1990 and 2000 is based on U.S. Census data, which
was also used in developing the Joint Population Forecast & Allocation report prepared by
Cascadia Community Planning Services in 2004 (Appendix H). Historical population for
1991 through 1999 was estimated by straight-line interpolation between the 1990 and 2000
census estimates. The estimates for 1991 through 1995 are slightly different from those
provided in Port Townsend’s 1998 Water System Plan. The estimates in the earlier Plan
were based on the forecasts provided in the Watterson West Group report prepared in 1994
(Appendix H). In general, the new estimates presented herein are lower than the original
estimates as growth was found to be slower within the City than was projected in the
Watterson report.
Population data from 2000 through 2003 was estimated using the 2000 U.S. Census data and
forecasts provided in the Joint Population Forecast & Allocation report (compound annual
growth rate of 1.97 percent within the City). The Cascadia report was prepared for Growth
Management Act (GMA) planning purposes and the results are being incorporated into the
City’s GMA Comprehensive Plan.
WATER DEMAND FORECASTING WATER DEMAND FORECASTING
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 2-2
Table 2-1
Historical Population
Customer Classification199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
City of Port Townsend7,1887,3047,4197,5357,6507,7667,8827,9978,1138,2288,3448,5088,6768,8479,021
Adjacent Service Areas
West of City119142169170170190201204208200203208219253260
Glen Cove204209214219224229234239245252257263277306311
Total (not including Glen Cove)7,3077,4457,5887,7057,8207,9568,0838,2018,3208,4288,5478,7178,8959,0999,281
Total (including Glen Cove)7,5117,6547,8027,9248,0458,2118,3378,4598,5838,6818,8048,9809,1729,4059,592
Notes:
2. West of City population based on number of service connections multiplied by 2.36 persons-per-household.
3. Glen Cove population based on number of service connections multiplied by 2.36 persons-per-household multiplied by 72 percent (percent residential connections in Glen Cove).
1. Populations from 1991 to 1995 are slightly low compared to those provided in the 1998 Water System Plan. Population estimates in the 1998 plan were based on projections from the 1994 Watterson
report. Estimates provided here are based on a straight-line interpolation between actual census data from 1990 and 2000.
Table 2-2
Historical Service Connections
Customer Classification199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
City of Port Townsend
Residential2,4922,5822,7282,9733,0783,1483,1973,2463,2953,3443,3933,4423,4913,5433,630
Commercial220235277348357369370371371372373374375376384
Government--52657681859299105111118125132139146
Subtotal In-City--2,8693,0703,3973,5163,6023,6593,7163,7713,8273,8843,9413,9984,0584,160
Adjacent Service Areas
West of City5160727272808386909397100103107110
Glen Cove--------132137144149155160165170175180183
Subtotal Adjacent--------204217227235245253262270278287293
Total (not including Glen Cove)--2,9293,1423,4693,5883,6823,6653,7193,7843,6413,7013,7953,9994,0264,124
Total (including Glen Cove)--------3,7203,8383,8153,8713,9383,7903,8523,9504,1624,2064,307
Notes:
1. Service connections between 1995 and 2003 are an interpolation of data to compensate for an a change in accounting.
WATER DEMAND FORECASTING
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 2-3
City billing record information, where readily available, was used to identify the number of
residential, commercial, and government service connections within the city limits.
Information from 1990 through 1995 was extracted from the City’s 1998 Water System Plan.
After 1998, customer classification breakdown for the City system and the adjacent Glen
Cove and West-of-City service areas were not readily available. Dashes are shown in Table
2-2 where data was not available or was not interpolated.
Complete connection data for the adjacent service areas (West-of-City and Glen Cove) was
available only in 1994 and 2003. Therefore interpolation between 1994 and 2003 and these
relative percentages were then used to determine estimated service connection totals and
subtotals.
2.1.1.2 Adjacent Service Areas
No historical population data exists for the West-of-City area. Historical population
presented for 1990 through 2004 for this area was estimated based on the estimated number
of service connections and the 2.36 persons-per-household figure presented in the
aforementioned Watterson report. All of the service connections in the West-of-City service
area are residential.
Similarly, no historical population data exists for the Glen Cove service area. From data
compiled in 1994, it was estimated that 72 percent of Glen Cove connections are residential
and the remainder commercial/industrial. Population for the Glen Cove area was
estimated by multiplying the 2.36 persons-per-household figure by the estimated number of
residential connections.
The number of service connections for the West-of-City area was determined from City
billing records for 1990 through 1995, which were presented in the 1998 Plan and are re-
printed in this Plan. In 2003 and 2004, the number of service connections for the West-of-
City and Glen Cove areas was determined from the City’s billing records. Service
connection information for Glen Cove and West-of-City service areas between 1994 and
2002 was determined as noted in the discussion of the City service area.
2.1.2 Water Use
The term demand refers to total water supplied, as measured by the City’s master meters.
Demand differs from consumption in that consumption refers only to the quantity of water
actually purchased by customers. The difference in quantity between demand and
consumption is referred to as “unaccounted water.”
2.1.2.1 Demand
Current and past demand is presented in Table 2-3. The data presented in Table 2-3, based
on the City’s master meter readings, are presented in million gallons per day (mgd) and
represent the average day demand (ADD) for the service area. The City’s original master
meter failed in 1996 and was replaced in 1998 with two separate meters to measure flow into
the standpipe and 5 million gallon reservoir. Analysis of data since 1998 indicated demand
was lower than the consumption in recent years. As a result, the City performed a series of
WATER DEMAND FORECASTING
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 2-4
volume tests for both the 1 MG standpipe and 5MG reservoir meters to determine the
current meter accuracies. Volume tests were performed over a range of flows that are
typical of the City’s actual operations. The testing concluded that both meters were
undercounting the actual flow passing through the meters. Correction factors for both
meters were developed and applied to the meter readings presented in this Plan. The City
is currently in the process of calibrating the meters so that future meter data will be more
accurate. Additional historical demand and consumption information is presented in Tables
I-1 through I-15 of Appendix I.
Current or “base year” average water demand was estimated by averaging data from 2000
through 2004. These averages were computed for the purpose of establishing baseline
values for projecting future growth in demand while minimizing the impact of recent,
typical annual variations. These base year averages are assumed to represent 2005 demand.
Demand is characterized in this Plan as average day demand (ADD), maximum day
demand (MDD), and peak hour demand (PHD). These variations are necessary for effective
water system planning and infrastructure sizing. ADD represents the average water
conveyed to the distribution system, including unaccounted uses, throughout the year, and
is used to estimate the total annual amount of supply needed. MDD represents the day of
the year during which the maximum amount of water is conveyed to the system. Supply,
pumping, and treatment facilities are typically designed with a capacity equal to the
projected future MDD. PHD represents the maximum amount of water supplied during a
1-hour period during the day when the MDD occurs. PHD is used for sizing distribution
system piping and distribution system reservoir storage. More specifically, distribution
system storage reservoir capacity is typically developed based on a combination of ADD,
MDD, and PHD, and their relative differences.
ADD, MDD, and PHD are summarized in Table 2-4. Note that the base year ADD and
MDD data, based on the two new master meters installed in 1999, includes meter correction
factors as discussed above to account for apparent under-counting.
As is typical of most utilities, when data for MDD and PHD are unavailable, values for
MDD and PHD are typically developed from standardized ratios to ADD, referred to as
“peaking factors”. However, both MDD and PHD data are available from master meter
readings. The data for 2000 to 2004 were taken from master meter chart recordings. Similar
to the ADD readings from the new master meters, these MDD and PHD readings include
the meter correction factors to account for the apparent undercounting. The values for the
five years were averaged to determine an overall ADD for the system for the base year.
Averaging the data for past five years was used in order to account for any peak years that
would not be representative of a normal year. The base year MDD and PHD are simply the
maximum MDD and PHD identified during the five year period.
The ratios of MDD/ADD and PDH/MDD are often referred to as “demand ratios” or
“peaking factors” and are computed for the purpose of characterizing demand in a given
water system. The demand ratios determined from the base year ADD, MDD, and PHD
data are:
WATER DEMAND FORECASTING WATER DEMAND FORECASTING
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 2-5
Table 2-3
Master Meter Flow Data (mgd)
Service Meter19741986199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004 Base
Year
Old City Master Meter1.4401.2601.2901.4471.4381.4101.3921.357------------------
New Standpipe Master Meter----------------------0.2520.2450.2410.2410.2450.2360.242
New 5-MG Reservoir Master Meter----------------------0.7660.9070.8130.8770.9690.8710.888
Subtotal New Master Meters----------------------1.0181.1521.0551.1181.2141.1081.129
Total1.4401.2601.2901.4471.4381.4101.3921.357------1.0181.1521.0551.1181.2141.1081.129
Notes:
1. There are no master meter readings for 1996 through 1999. New meters were installed at end of 1999.
2. Master meter readings for 1999 through 2004 include meter correction factors to account for undercounting of meters.
Table 2-4
Variation in Demand (mgd)
Demand Type19741986199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004 Base
Year
ADD----1.2901.4651.4611.4361.4201.377------1.0181.1521.0551.1181.2141.1081.129
MDD------------------------2.5202.6652.3102.5832.6092.665
PHD------------------------------3.1922.7033.192
Notes:
1. ADD and MDD values for 1999 to 2003 include correction factors to the master meter readins demand based on the apparent undercounting of the new master meters.
WATER DEMAND FORECASTING
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 2-6
MDD/ADD = 2.5
PHD/MDD = 1.2
2.1.2.2 Consumption
Consumption for customers within the City limits is measured at individual service meters.
Customers are billed for water service every month. Current and past consumption along
with per-capita consumption is presented in Table 2-5. Understanding per-capita water
usage is important in identifying water use trends as well as how City water customer’s
usage compares with customers of other water utilities. Per-capita consumption was
computed by dividing residential consumption by population.
2.1.2.3 Unaccounted Water
Unaccounted water is the difference between the volume of water entering the distribution
system as measured by the supply meters (demand) and the volume actually measured and
billed to customers (consumption). In most instances unaccounted water is a positive
volume; the quantity which passes through the supply meter is larger than the sum of all
consumption metered readings. The difference can typically be attributed to:
Leakage from distribution system pipelines, reservoirs, valves, and hydrants;
Water used during construction;
Water used for street cleaning, firefighting, sewer and water main flushing, reservoir
cleaning and other unmetered public uses; and
Master meter and/or service metering inaccuracies
Typically, the volume of unaccounted water ranges between 10 to 15 percent of total water
consumption.
Unaccounted water for the City, as presented in Table 2-6, represented approximately 30
percent of the total quantity of water passing through the City’s master meter prior to 1996,
as presented in the 1998 Plan. It was believed that the primary reason for the high
percentage of unaccounted water was the result of service meter inaccuracies and water
system leaks. While that may have been the case, data to confirm this assumption was not
available.
Following installation of new master meters for the City’s high and low pressure zones in
1999, unaccounted water for the City dropped to an annual average ranging from 9 to 16
percent of the total quantity of water passing through the City’s master meters (these values
were calculated with the appropriate correction factors applied to each meter).
The average amount of unaccounted water since the new meters were installed (2000
through 2004) is 10 percent of the total water consumed. This is within the typical range of
unaccounted water for a system. With aggressive management of unaccounted for water,
the City has reduced it to approximately 9 percent.
WATER DEMAND FORECASTING WATER DEMAND FORECASTING
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 2-7
Table 2-5
Average Day Consumption (mgd)
Customer Classification19741986199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004 Base
Year
Consumption within City Limits
Residential ----0.6020.6490.6300.5170.5730.5480.5480.5240.5680.5060.5950.6140.6190.6840.6260.627
Commercial----0.2320.2340.2520.2550.2780.2740.2620.2550.2710.3810.3280.3370.3500.3610.3330.342
Government------0.0730.0940.1090.0750.1140.1840.1780.207--
Subtotal of City------0.9560.9770.8810.9260.9360.9940.9571.0450.8870.9230.9510.9691.0450.9590.969
Consumption in Adjacent Areas Served
West of City----0.0180.0200.0170.0150.0180.016--------0.0180.017--------
Glen Cove------0.0180.0230.0270.0280.0200.0480.0450.0490.0450.0240.024--------
Subtotal Adjacent Areas------0.0380.0390.0410.0450.035--------0.0410.0410.0470.0560.0470.047
Combined Total------0.9941.0160.9220.9720.971--------0.9650.9921.0161.1021.0061.016
Per-Capita Consumption (gpcd)
Per-Cap Ave Day Consumption----84888367777174697465727373797073
Notes:
1. Per-cap average day consumption for 1990 through 1993 was taken from the 1998 Water System Plan as no data was available on the population within Glen Cove during this period.
2. Per-cap average day consumption for 1996 through 1999 assumed an average consumption of 0.017 mgd for the West of City area based on the average consumption for the area in surrounding years.
Commercial and Governement Accounts Combined
Table 2-6
Unaccounted Water (mgd)
Water Use Category19741986199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004 Base
Year
Total City Demand1.4401.2601.2901.4471.4381.4101.3921.357------1.0181.1521.0551.1181.2141.1081.129
Total City Consumption------0.9941.0160.9220.9720.971--------0.9650.9921.0161.1021.0061.016
Unaccounted Water
Differential Flow------0.4530.4220.4880.4210.386--------0.1870.0630.1020.1120.1010.105
Percentage of Total Demand------31%29%35%30%28%--------16%6%9%9%9%9%
Notes:
1. Base Year unaccounted water was based on date from 2002, 2003, and 2004 to reflect the consistent 9% value of these recent years.
WATER DEMAND FORECASTING
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 2-8
2.1.2.4 Equivalent Residential Units (ERUs)
An “equivalent residential unit” (ERU) is a unit of measure used to equate non-residential
or multi-family residential water use to a specific number of single family residences. For
example, if a system has a capacity to serve 100 ERUs, it has a capacity to serve 100 full-time
single family residences. Similarly, it would be able to serve any combination of
commercial, industrial, and residential customers provided that the quantity of water used
is equivalent to the projected needs of 100 full-time single family homes (or 100 ERUs).
The consumption per single-family residence must first be determined by dividing the total
single-family consumption by the number of single-family connections. Then the number of
ERUs is computed for each customer category by dividing consumption per customer class
by consumption per single-family residence. ERUs are a measure of system capacity in
units of single-family residences.
Average day consumption data was used to develop the ERU data for residential and non-
residential uses. The data was based on an average of 2000 to 2004 consumption to account
for any peak years that would not be representative of a normal year. The current capacity
of the City’s water system, based on ERUs, is presented in Table 2-7. The ERU information
is comprised of customers in the City and adjacent to the City. The conversion of
unaccounted water to ERUs includes the meter correction factors for the base year ADD as
discussed in Section 2.1.2.1.
Table 2-7
Base Year Equivalent Residential Units (ERUs)
Service
Number of
Connections
Consumption
(mgd)
Consumption per
Single-Family
Residence (gpd)ERUs
Residential3,6300.627
Single-Family3,5210.5641603,521
Multi-Family1090.063160394
Non-Residential3760.3421602,134
Unaccounted Water--0.105160656
Total4,0061.075--6,704
Notes:
1. ERUs were computed using "base year" data (average of 2000 through 2004)
2.2 Estimated Future Conditions
Estimated future population and land and water use is presented in this section. The
estimated future conditions are important for planning purposes for the City to meet their
long-term demands.
WATER DEMAND FORECASTING
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 2-9
2.2.1 Land Use
Current land use for the City consists of a mixture of residential, mixed use, commercial,
industrial, public facilities, parks, and open space. A map of current land uses is presented
in Section 1 of this Plan. The land use map is used as the basis for future water system
planning.
The City’s historical land use pattern was established during the 1800s. During this period,
plats were created with almost no regard to the topography or other natural physical
limitations of the land. The result of this platting activity is a largely uniform series of
approximately 11,100 parcels, typified by the 50-foot by 100-foot lot.
No changes in current land usage that would significantly impact estimated future water
demand is predicted.
2.2.2 Population and Demand
Population and demand are presented together in this section because of their inter-
relationship in estimating future demand. Estimated future population and demand for the
6-year and 20-year planning horizons are shown in Table 2-8 and are also depicted in
Figure 2-1.
Table 2-8
Population and Demand Estimates (mgd)
Population and Demand Base Year
(2005)20112025
Population9,02110,14113,589
Total Demand
ADD1.131.241.62
MDD2.673.043.99
PHD3.193.604.73
Notes:
1. The U.S. Census data available on the web indicates that the actual population for 2000 was
8,334. A population of 8,344 (i.e., a difference of 10 people) was used in this document for
consistency with the Cascadia report, which is being incorporated into the City's GMA Plan.
The 20-year population projection for the City was obtained from the Joint Population
Forecast and Allocation report prepared by Cascadia Community Planning Systems (see
Appendix H). It represents the “intermediate” population growth estimate. Projections for
the current (2005), 6-year (2011) and 20-year (2025) forecasts were estimated using the 2000
U.S. Census data and a compounded annual growth rate of 1.97 percent. It is estimated
between 2005 and 2025 Port Townsend will grow by 4,568, a 51% overall increase in
population.
Water demand forecasts for the City service areas were developed using the base year
demand for 2005. The projected ADDs, MDDs, and PHDs for the City were escalated at the
same rate as the projected population estimates. Estimated future demand is presented in
WATER DEMAND FORECASTING
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 2-10
Figure 2-1. Projected Demand
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00
2000200520102015202020252030
Year
Demand (mgd)
Average Day Demand
Maximum Day
Demand
Peak Hour
Demand
Figure 2-1. The projected average and maximum daily demands also include the
appropriate meter correction factors to account for apparent under-counting, as discussed in
Section 2.1.2.3.
Of particular interest with respect to the demand data presented in Table 2-8 and Figure 2-1
is the projected MDD. To meet customer needs, supply capacity must be equal to or greater
than MDD. Demand in excess of MDD, such as PHD, is typically met by distribution
system storage capacity. To meet estimated future demand the City must have supply
capacity equal to or greater than the projected MDD. The year 2025 projected MDD is
approximately 4 mgd. The City is bound by a lease agreement with the Port Townsend
Paper Company that restricts the City’s water usage to 5 mgd and allows the Mill to use all
of the water supply flowing through the transmission system not expressly reserved for City
use or obligations through the year 2020. Out of that 5 mgd, the City is contractually
obligated to supply 0.28 mgd to PUD No. 1 of Jefferson County (Jefferson PUD) to meet the
supply needs of LUD No. 3 until 2015. Average LUD daily demand during the peak month
(meter is read once per month) since 2002 has been 0.19 mgd. The resulting supply available
for the City’s municipal uses is 4.72 mgd, which is still greater than the projected 4 mgd
MDD. The PUD’s daily contract quantity may be retrieved with four years of advanced
notice to serve new residential, commercial or industrial customers within the City that
cannot be met from the uncommitted City allocation from the OGWS. This supply-capacity-
vs-demand comparison is also addressed in Section 4.2.3 in the context of establishing the
adequacy of the City’s water rights.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-1
Section 4
Conservation Program, Water Right
Analysis, System Reliability, and Interties
Like many other locations around Puget Sound and across the country, the City is
experiencing increasing demands on its limited supply of water. At the same time, there is
increased pressure to maintain instream flows for fisheries resources and wildlife habitat.
The City recognizes its responsibility to protect, preserve, and enhance its water resources
and to promote the efficient use of water through conservation. This section describes the
City’s Conservation Program, water rights analysis, system reliability, and interties.
4.1 Conservation Program Development
The City’s conservation program, including conservation objectives, projected future
demands with conservation, the specific measures selected for the conservation program,
program management, and other related issues, is described in this section. A detailed
evaluation of the appropriate conservation measures for the City’s program and the
measures selected for inclusion in the City’s program are presented in Appendix Q.
4.1.1 Conservation Objectives
A first step in the preparation of a conservation plan is the establishment of objectives.
Conservation objectives serve as the guide for the development of the conservation
program. The City has selected the following objectives for its water conservation program:
Reduce average daily per-capita use by 5 percent over a 10-year period starting in 2004
(i.e., by 2014).
Target activities that result in the greatest water savings for the least effort and cost for
initial implementation.
Be consistent with the regional conservation program developed as part of the Jefferson
County Coordinated Water System Plan (CWSP).
Be balanced and equitable; don’t unduly burden one customer class or industry.
Prioritize youth education because it results in long-term changes in water-use habits.
Reduce the current ratio of the MDD to ADD.
The program must reflect the staff resources available to the City. The total program
development and administration should require no more than one fourth of a full-time
employee’s time.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-2
Meet or exceed the minimum requirements established by Washington State
Department of Health (WSDOH).
Incorporate on-going conservation efforts on the part of the City’s utilities, including the
Parks, Water, Sewer, and Streets departments.
Be primarily voluntary, assistance-oriented, and informational, rather than restrictive or
forced.
4.1.2 Current and Past Conservation Activities
In 1992, the City of Port Townsend began implementation of conservation activities and
improvements to data collection. The City's historical and ongoing conservation activities
are summarized in Table 4-1 and the remainder of this section.
4.1.2.1 Public Education
During the drought of 2001, as with past abnormally dry summers, the City of Port
Townsend requested voluntary conservation by its customers. The City devoted significant
resources to providing the public with feedback on the effectiveness of the community's
conservation efforts. Each week the City submitted a daily water use summary for the prior
week for publication in the local newspaper.
Several articles and editorials relating to water supply issues and conservation were
published by the City and concerned citizens.
The City has continued a proactive education program, including:
Part time funding for a conservation program manager
Submitting periodic newspaper articles
Monthly newsletter included with utility bill
Education coordination with Washington State University Cooperative Extension and
Water Watchers
Public education measures are intended to inform citizens about the need for and the
methods to achieve water conservation. Specific programs include the following:
School Outreach / Speakers Bureau: School education programs include watershed
tours, classroom presentations, and class participation in water quality monitoring.
Program Promotion: Conservation brochures have been distributed to local businesses.
Public Outreach (Theme Shows and Fairs): The City sponsors display booths at various
public and professional gatherings.
Cooperative Extension: The City is working in cooperation with the Washington State
University Cooperative Extension of Jefferson County to develop additional education
programs. A half-time water resources education specialist employed by cooperative
extension leads these programs.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-3
Table 4-1
Summary of Port Townsend Conservation Measures Implemented to Date
Measure WSDOH Required or
Recommended?
Description of Activities Year
Implemented
Public Education
School Outreach No Watershed tours, classroom presentations,
participation in water quality monitoring
Ongoing
Speakers Bureau No Presentations as requested for schools,
professional organizations and public groups
1993
Cooperative Education No Development of education programs through
Washington State University Cooperative
Extension of Jefferson County
1992
Program Promotion Required Distribution of brochures, customer newsletter Ongoing
Theme Shows and Fairs No Display booth at public and professional
gatherings
1993
Technical Assistance
None
System Measures
Source Meters Required Installation of source meters and master meters Various
Service Meters Recommended Installation of service meters (over 99% of
accounts currently metered)
1978
Unaccounted Water/Leak
Detection
Recommended Metering unmetered accounts, repairing broken
meters, identifying and repairing leaks
1994
Incentives/Other
Measures
Single-Family/Multi-
Family Kits
Recommended Door-to-door distribution of conservation kits
including brochures, faucet aerators, toilet leak
detection tablets, and toilet flow splitters.
1994
Landscape Management /
Playfields – Xeriscaping
Recommended Xeriscaping of public spaces and parks Ongoing
Conservation Pricing Recommended Implementing increasing block rate structure for
residential customer class
1992-2000
Data Collection
Improvements
No Water and sewer billing based on usage,
customer class usage
Ongoing
PTPC Conservation No Revise operation strategy to reduce water use Ongoing
4.1.2.2 System Measures
System measures include those activities or improvements, such as metering that serves to
monitor the flow of water through the system from its source to its delivery to customers so
the utility can evaluate its performance in reaching its conservation goals.
Source Meters: Two master meters are currently in place and operational on the CT
pipeline that feeds the City’s storage reservoirs. Data from the meters are used to
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-4
compare with service meter totals to evaluate for unaccounted water. Both the Big
Quilcene River and Little Quilcene River source water diversions have installed meters
as well as the inflow and outflow to City Lake reservoir.
Service Meters: The City began installing water meters on all services in 1978. The
difference in water usage rates from 1974 to 2004, as presented in Table 2-3 of Section 2
of this Plan, illustrates the significant impact this measure has had on reducing water
usage. All municipal service connections are metered, and the City repairs or replaces
meters that appear to be recording in error.
Unaccounted Water/Leak Detection: Port Townsend currently has a program for
identification and repair of leaks. The City monitors service meters to reduce the
quantity of unaccounted water and better estimate the potential for unrecognized leaks
in the system. The City has completed an extensive leak detection program conducted
by an outside contractor in 1995 and completed another system wide leak assessment in
2005. The City also utilizes City staff in leak detection for routine monitoring and
maintenance.
4.1.2.3 Incentives/Other Measures
Incentives and other measures are programs that encourage conservation from residential
and commercial customers. The measures implemented as part of the City’s program are
described below. Note that the Single-Family/Multi-Family Kits and Xeriscaping measures
are also included in Table 4-2 but are discussed in subsection 4.1.4.
Conservation Pricing: Between 1992 and 2000 the City utilized a conservation rate
structure. The rate structure included a base fixed charge for service, plus a per-gallon
use rate with a surcharge for summer water use over 11,000 gallons per month. The
surcharge was eliminated after determining there was no apparent conservation related
to the rate structure and negative feedback from customers. Water rates have increased
over 17% since 1998 and approximately 100% since 1992. Prior to 1998, wastewater
utility rates were based on the average winter water use. Wastewater rates are now
based on total water usage and include a surcharge if use is above 2,500 gallons per
month. The increase of water and waste water rates has contributed to a conservation
response by customers.
The City is currently evaluating several options for a revised rate structure and how that
may affect conservation. A new rate structure will be implemented in the near future.
PTPC Conservation: Port Townsend Paper Company has responded to requests for
conservation by modifying operating procedures that reduces their daily use from 14.5
mgd to between 10 and 11 mgd during low river flow conditions. The potential water
savings from PTPC alone corresponds to more than the peak daily demand of the entire
City water service area. Most of these savings at PTPC were achieved by eliminating
hydropower generation and utilization of automatic level control for water inflow.
Data Collection Improvements: As water and sewer billings are now based on water usage,
data collection procedures have been improved to more accurately identify customer classes
and water use for each account type. Efforts will continue to improve data accessibility and
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-5
Table 4-2
Recommended Water Conservation Program for Public Water Systems
Measures Public Water Systems by Size (1)
Large Medium (2) Small Regional
Public Education
School Outreach X X
Speakers Bureau X X
Program Promotion (required) X X X X
Theme Shows and Fairs X X
Technical Assistance
Purveyor Assistance X X X
Customer Assistance X X X
Technical Studies X X
Bill Showing Consumption History X X X
System Measures
Source Meters (required) X X X X
Service Meters X X X X
Unaccounted Water / Leak Detection (3) X X X
Incentives / Other Measures
Single-Family / Multi-Family Kits X X X
Nurseries / Agriculture X X X
Landscape Management / Playfields –
Xeriscaping
X X X
Conservation Pricing X X X X
Utility Financed Retrofit X X
Seasonal Demand Management X X
Recycling / Reuse X X
(1) Definitions of water system sizes:
Large system 25,001 or more services
Medium system 1,000 to 25,000 services
Small system less than 1,000 services
Regional system regional organizations
(2) Port Townsend is a medium system.
(3) Leak detection is required if unaccounted water is greater than 20%.
facilitate use of data for system evaluations, including evaluations of conservation program
effectiveness.
4.1.2.4 Water Reuse and Largest Users
City evaluated opportunities for reuse of treated wastewater in the mid-1990s. The results
of that evaluation were presented in the City’s 1998 Water System Plan. That evaluation is
re-printed, without change, and presented in Appendix R. At the time of its initial
consideration, reuse was found to be not cost-effective for the City based on the City’s
evaluation and therefore was not selected for implementation by the City.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-6
Re-examination of this earlier conclusion was undertaken as part of this planning effort.
Potential reuse customers were identified by summarizing the current 20-Largest-Water-
Users, which is also presented in Appendix R. The reason for identifying these customers
was to assess whether or not any had substantial non-potable uses such as irrigation that
could be replaced with treated wastewater. These largest water users were essentially the
same as those identified in the 1998 Water System Plan. Only Fort Worden, Chetzemoka
Park, and the Port Townsend Golf Course were identified as potential consumers because of
their irrigation uses. However, their combined total is relatively small, only about 18
million gallons per year, or perhaps as much as 130,000 gallons per day during peak month
usage (per Table R-1 in Appendix R).
Updating the previously developed capital costs (presented in Appendix R) to 2005 dollars
results, in a capital cost in the range of $5.8 to $7.3 million. The high project cost, along with
the continued limited opportunity to reduce demand for the City’s surface water supply,
have lead the City to defer pursuit of reuse at this time.
4.1.3 Evaluation of Conservation Measures
In March 1994 the Washington State Department of Health, the Department of Ecology, and
the Washington Water Utilities Council established the Conservation Planning
Requirements. These requirements went into effect on July 1, 1994. Water system plans
submitted after this date must comply with these requirements. The Conservation Planning
Requirements state that all water utilities must monitor water use and develop and
implement water conservation programs. In accordance with the Conservation Planning
Requirements, the three main aspects of a conservation plan are water use data collection,
demand forecasting, and the selection of specific measures associated with conserving
water.
The recommended water conservation measures from the Conservation Planning
Requirements are shown in Table 4-2. New conservation requirements are in the process of
being rolled out in Washington as part of the Municipal Water Law. The Municipal Water
Law is discussed later in this Section. Port Townsend is a medium sized system in regards
to conservation planning and therefore the requirements for medium sized systems are
highlighted in the table. All recommended measures in the appropriate water system size
category must be evaluated. This evaluation considered all of the medium sized system
measures but also evaluated several measures outside the requirements for medium sized
systems to enhance the conservation program for the City. The measures included in the
City’s conservation program are discussed in the following sub-sections of this Plan.
4.1.4 Selected Conservation Measures
The conservation program is based upon pursuing additional conservation measures that
are expected to produce the greatest water savings for the least cost. In addition, the
program includes public education activities designed to enhance public participation and
overall conservation program effectiveness by increasing customer understanding of
conservation benefits and encouraging water-conserving behavior and practices by the
City's customers and utilities staff.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-7
In consideration of its program objectives, the WSDOH Conservation Planning
Requirements, and the qualitative benefit and cost analysis provided in Appendix Q, the
City intends to pursue the conservation activities presented in Table 4-3. More detailed
discussion of these proposed conservation measures is presented in Appendix Q.
The City’s objective for reducing its projected demand will be attained through reductions
attributable to specific conservation measures. The City estimates that the conservation
measures included in its program can result in water savings up to the quantities described
below:
PTPC Conservation Assistance. The PTPC has the potential to save a significant
amount of water throughout the year and especially during the late summer and early
fall period when river flows are low. The City intends to work closely with PTPC to
ensure that these water savings options are effected over the next several years.
Leak Detection and Reduction of Unaccounted Water. Unaccounted water currently
amounts to approximately 9 percent for the City water system as discussed in Section 2
of this Plan. The extent of potential savings with respect to unaccounted water is largely
dependent on more accurate readings of meters. Other reductions in unaccounted water
resulting from hydrant flushing, street cleaning, metering other unmetered uses, and
service connection meter calibrations would generate more revenue for the City, but not
change total demand.
Landscape Management/Playfield-Xeriscaping. Research has shown that 10 percent or
more of irrigation water use can be saved through irrigation system improvements and
management. Total system savings will depend on the number of sites targeted.
Bill Showing Consumption History. The current water billing software does not
support printing a consumption history. Future upgrades to the software may include
this feature.
Other Measures. The savings from public education, customer assistance, conservation
pricing, and municipal water use efficiency are difficult to estimate. Research suggests a
saving of 3 to 5 percent is possible.
The conservation program may be revised as measures are implemented and monitored to
continue to focus on the most cost-effective measures.
All measures recommended in the Conservation Planning Requirements for medium-sized
utilities were evaluated for implementation in the City system. The following measures
were either not selected or discontinued:
Single-Family/Multi-Family Kits. The City conducted a retrofit kit program in 1993
and distributed kits to all residential customers. Kits were distributed door-to-door
during summer meter reading. No additional kits are planned for distribution at this
time.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-8
Table 4-3
Selected Conservation Measures and Budgets
Selected Conservation 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Public
School Outreach (1) $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500
Program Promotion (1) $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Technical (1)
Purveyor and Customer (1) $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500
System
Source Meter (2) $0 $6,000 $0 $0 $0 $0
Service Meter (2) $15,000 $15,000 $15,000 $15,000 $15,000 $15,000
Water System Leak (2) $5,000 $0 $0 $0 $0 $5,000
Incentives/Other
Landscape Management $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Conservation $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500
Paper Mill Conservation (3) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Municipal Water Use $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500
Annual Totals (3) $25,000 $26,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $25,000
Notes
(1) Conservation coordinator staff time not included in measure budgets. An estimated 1/4 full-time equivalent (FTE) will
be needed to manage and coordinate conservation activities.
(2) The budget for these measures is included in the system operation and maintenance budget.
(3) Port Townsend Paper Company conducts its own conservation program.
(4) Program costs have been estimated for the various conservation activities. These costs are approximate, based on
available data and other utility experiences. Program water savings and cost should be carefully tracked as activities are
initiated to verify these estimates and revise future conservation measures, as necessary.
Conservation Pricing. Between 1992 and 2000 the City utilized a conservation rate
structure. The rate structure included a base fixed charge for service, plus a per-gallon
use rate with a surcharge for summer water use over 11,000 gallons per month. The
surcharge was eliminated after determining there was no apparent conservation related
to the rate structure and negative feedback from customers. Water rates have increased
over 17% since 1998 and approximately 100% since 1992. Prior to 1998, wastewater
utility rates were based on the average winter water use. Wastewater rates are now
based on total water usage and include a surcharge if use is above 2,500 gallons per
month. The increase of water and waste water rates contributes to a conservation
response by customers.
Nurseries/Agriculture. There is one nursery in the City and limited commercial
agriculture utilizing municipal water; hence this measure does not address a viable
target group. Water use by this sector will continue to be monitored to meet the
requirements established in the Conservation Planning Requirements.
The success of these conservation measures will be monitored by per –capita use.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-9
4.1.5 Conservation Program Management
The City has allocated 1/4 FTE as the conservation program manager for ongoing
conservation program development and administration. The distribution system related
tasks associated with conservation (leak detection, other unaccounted water reduction,
meter installation, and maintenance) will be accomplished by water distribution crews.
The City allocates staff resources toward collecting data from billing records and the supply
master meters to develop an updated comprehensive supply and consumption database.
The conservation program manager will prepare an annual summary report of supply and
consumption data to assess the effectiveness of the City’s conservation activities. This
annual report will include a discussion of the previous year’s specific conservation
activities, an evaluation of the success of those activities with respect to the usage data, and
a summary and schedule of the next year’s conservation activities.
4.1.6 Target Water Savings Projections
Data on water usage must be available to forecast water demand and to provide a basis for
the evaluation of the effectiveness of a conservation program. The Conservation Planning
Requirements establish minimum data collection criteria for water systems based on the size
of the system. Port Townsend falls into the 1,000 to 10,000 service connection category and
must collect data on water usage, as summarized in Table 4-4.
Demand forecasts showing the anticipated impact of conservation efforts are a requirement
for conservation planning. As shown in Section 2, Table 2-5, per-capita consumption
experienced an overall drop in the 1990’s and has been relatively constant in the 2000’s (with
the exception of 2003, which was a very dry year). This initial reduction and continued
reduced per-capita consumption is assumed to be the result of increased water rates, revised
plumbing code, and a heightened awareness of the need to conserve water.
The projected conservation savings goal was developed in consideration of these recent
conservation savings. The City’s conservation goal is to reduce average gallons per day per
connection by 5 percent over a 10-year period which began in 2004. The City is required to
develop 6- and 20-year demand projections with conservation in accordance with the
Conservation Planning Requirements.
Thus, based on the 5 percent savings goal by 2014, it is assumed that 3.5 percent savings
would be attained by the year 2011. The total 5 percent savings attained by year 2014 would
be maintained through the year 2025. Water demand projections for the City, with and
without conservation, are presented in Table 4-5.
4.1.7 Regional Conservation Programs
The City is committed to participating in regional conservation activities. Participation will
include involvement in program development by City staff and financial participation.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-10
Table 4-4
Data Collection Requirements for Port Townsend
(Systems with 1,000 to 10,000 Service Connections) (1)
Type of Data Collection Frequency Current Practice by City
Source of supply meter readings Read daily but report only
monthly and annual totals
Yes
Emergency interties - amount imported (2) Monthly OGWS has emergency
connection to Tri-Area water
system for delivery only.
Wholesale - amount purchased (2) Monthly None purchased
Peak day / peak month (3) Annually (peak day and
peak month for each year)
Yes
Unaccounted-for water Annually Yes
Non-revenue accounted-for water Annually Yes
Service meter readings (4):
Single-family Monthly Yes
Multi-family Monthly Yes
Commercial / government/ industrial Monthly Yes
Agriculture Monthly Yes
Emergency interties - amount exported (2) Monthly Yes
Wholesale - amount sold (2) Monthly Yes
Population served (5) Annually Yes
Economic data Existing water rates for each
customer class
Yes
Conservation data Annually Yes
(1) The number of system services is based on the number of direct retail services supplied by the water system reporting
the data.
(2) Keep records for each buyer and seller and each intertie.
(3) Measured from supply sources.
(4) If the public water system has used different customer classes and/or definitions of classes, it may include those
definitions and/or classes in its data reporting along with the corresponding data. If different classes of users are
included, the system must include a timetable for when data will be collected for customer classes consistent with those
in the table.
(5) Estimate the number of customers and connections serviced in the established customer classes: single-family, multi-
family, commercial/government/industrial, and agriculture.
Table 4-5
Water Demand Projections With and Without Conservation (mgd)
Year Without Conservation With Conservation
ADD MDD ADD MDD
Base Year (2005) 1.13 2.67 1.13 2.67
2011 1.24 3.04 1.20 2.93
2025 1.62 3.99 1.56 3.85
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-11
“Conservation Programs of major utilities should be monitored by the WUCC as part of a
WUCC process to facilitate County-wide conservation implementation.”
In addition to regional activities, the City will monitor the activities of the Conservation
Coalition of Puget Sound, Washington State conservation initiatives, and the Pacific
Northwest Section American Water Works Association (AWWA) Conservation Committee
to keep informed of new developments in conservation activities.
4.1.8 Interim Trust Water Rights Dedication
The City sees value in conservation beyond the economic incentives that enable expensive
supply development projects to be delayed and additional growth to be accommodated
using the same volume of water. The environment can also benefit from conservation
because some of the conserved water will remain in the Quilcene Rivers for the benefit of
fisheries, wildlife, and other recreational uses. Depending on future water needs, the City
may consider entrusting a portion of its conservation savings back to the Quilcene rivers as
an Interim Trust Water Right, as allowed by recent Washington State legislation. The
percentage to be dedicated as a trust right would depend on water use by PTPC. Any
reallocation of supply would be undertaken in accordance with the City’s Water System
Policy 3.7, presented in Appendix G.
4.1.9 Municipal Water Law
The Municipal Water Supply – Efficiency Requirements Act is part of a multi-year process
to reform the states water laws. The law produces changes that affect the WSDOH water
system planning process. Interim requirements have been established for approval of water
system plans while the law is being developed. Some of the major requirements include
completion of the following:
Water rights self assessment,
System capacity analysis,
Service area delineation,
Description of water conservation program including conservation plan, discontinued
conservation efforts, and program results,
Demand forecasts based on water conservation efforts,
Water reclamation checklist,
Description of response to requests for new water service connections,
Metering requirements,
Water use efficiency goal setting performance reporting,
Evaluation of distribution system leakage, and
Annual performance reporting.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-12
The City has fulfilled these interim requirements as outlined in the Municipal Water Law:
Interim Planning Guidance for Water System Plan/Small Water System Management Program
Approvals document. These requirements are fulfilled within this Plan. Documentation
related to the interim Water Supply Law requirements is provided in Appendix S.
4.2 Water Rights Analysis
This section describes the City’s water rights and issues related to water resources. The City
has water rights for both the Big and Little Quilcene Rivers. In addition to its water rights to
these surface water sources, the City also has storage water rights for two raw water
reservoirs: City Lake and Lords Lake. Copies of the City’s water rights are presented in
Appendix T.
4.2.1 Existing Water Rights
This section describes the City’s water rights for both its surface water sources and storage
reservoirs. The City has applied for a 150 gpm irrigation ground water right for use by the
Port Townsend Golf Course. This source could also serve an emergency supply for the City.
4.2.1.1 Surface Water Rights
The City has surface water rights on the Big Quilcene River and the Little Quilcene River. A
summary of the existing and forecasted water rights status from the surface water sources
are provided in Tables 4-6 and 4-7. Tables 4-6 and 4-7 show that the water rights are fully
utilized to meet current and projected water uses for the City and PTPC. The data in the
tables for maximum instantaneous flow rates are based on the flow rates used to fill Lords
Lake during winter months as discussed in subsections 4.2.1.1 and 4.3.1.1. The maximum
instantaneous flow rates are generally based on the MDD of a system. In this case, high
withdrawal rates are used for filling the lake when demands are lower.
Both the City and PTPC are supplied from the Big and Little Quilcene Rivers through the
Olympic Gravity Water System Pipeline (OGWS). PTPC leases all of the water supply that
is not reserved by the City for its own purposes. The City has reserved 7.74 cfs (5 mgd) of
the OGWS supply for meeting the needs of its retail and wholesale customers. The City’s
lease agreement with PTPC expires on March 15, 2020.
Permit #1021 documents a primary water right of 30 cfs of surface water (13,440 gpm) from
the Big Quilcene River “to be used within corporate limits of the City of Port Townsend,
Townships 30 and 31 North, Range 1 West, and nearby territory.” Since 1997, the City and
PTPC have voluntarily restricted usage of the Big Quilcene River to maintain at least 27 cfs
in the river for the fishery downstream. At times, despite the complete suspension of
diversions, natural stream flows below the Big Quilcene River diversion drop below 27 cfs.
As a result of this in-stream flow commitment, the City and PTPC often reduce withdrawal
of water from the Big Quilcene River between August and November. During these times,
the difference is made up with water previously stored in Lords Lake.
The Little Quilcene River water right (Permit #9259) is allowed a withdrawal of up to 9.56
cfs, but is conditioned with the requirement to maintain a minimum 6.0 cfs instream flow
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-13
Table 4-6
Storage Reservoir Rights
ReservoirPriorityStorage RightPrimarySecondary
Reservoir NamePermit NumberDateacre-feetmillion gallonsSourceSource
City LakeR-1182/20/1929800261Big QuilceneLittle Quilcene
Lords LakeR-622/9/1927750244Little QuilceneBig Quilcene
Lords LakeR-1812/9/19271,250407Little QuilceneBig Quilcene
below the diversion, if naturally available. There is no specific seasonal restriction on the
Little Quilcene water right. However, it is the City and PTPC’s experience that Little
Quilcene diversions are streamflow limited between July and October. Between January
and July, Lords Lake Reservoir is typically full and only minimal diversions are necessary
from the Little Quilcene River.
4.2.1.2 Storage Rights
The City has water rights for storage in two reservoirs, Lords Lake and City Lake. The
rights are summarized in Table 4-6. The two Lords Lake reservoir storage permits were
issued as part of the water right certificate for the Little Quilcene River. A separate
certificate of water right was issued for City Lake storage.
Reservoir Permit R-118 (Certificate 2004) documents a total storage right of 800 acre-feet of
surface water in the City Lake reservoir diverted from the Big Quilcene River pursuant to
Certificate 322. The City currently owns all of the land within the watershed surrounding
City Lake. The current storage capacity of City Lake is 120 MG (368 acre-feet).
Reservoir Permit 62 documents a storage right of 750 acre-feet of surface water in Lords
Lake diverted from the Little Quilcene River pursuant to Certificate 7028. Reservoir Permit
181 documents a storage right of 1,250 acre-feet of surface water in Lords Lake diverted
from the Little Quilcene River pursuant to Certificate 7028. Thus, the total storage right of
water in Lords Lake is 2,000 acre-feet (652 MG). The current storage capacity of Lords Lake
is 500 MG (1,535 acre-feet).
The City typically draws down Lords Lake during the later summer and early fall months
when maintenance of in-stream flows limit withdrawals from the Big Quilcene and Little
Quilcene Rivers. Lords Lake is filled from the Little Quilcene River when flows below the
diversion are greater than the 6 cfs minimum in-stream flow requirement. Lords Lake can
also be filled from the Big Quilcene River, as is often the case in the fall and winter, to speed
refilling. Adding another inlet to Lords Lake from the transmission pipeline would provide
additional flexibility in filling the reservoir from the Big Quilcene River. This would
increase settling time for turbid water and allow filling of both Lords Lake and City Lake
reservoirs at the same time. Moving or adding a second outlet would enable using water
below the existing outlet gate without installing temporary pumping equipment.
Incorporation of these modifications should be considered if Lords Lake reservoir
undergoes major renovation or substantial works is required on the pipeline in the vicinity
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-14
of the reservoir. City Lake can be replenished from either source, but the Big Quilcene River
is the primary supply for City Lake and the entire system in general.
The City has considered expanding Lords Lake to provide additional capacity to meet
summertime water needs of the City and PTPC when low flows in the Big Quilcene and
Little Quilcene Rivers limit diversions. An evaluation completed in 2001 by CDM examined
increasing the size of Lords Lake by 50 and 100 percent. The analysis found that the ability
to initially fill and refill the lake would be constrained for Big Quilcene River instream flow
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-15
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Table 4-7
Existing Water Rights Status
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow Rate
Maximum
Annual
Average1
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow Rate3
Maximum
Annual
Average1
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow Rate
Maximum
Annual
Average1
Permits/
Certificates
1021City of Port
Townsend
2/9/1927Big QuilcenePrimary30 cfs
(19.4 mgd)
21,700 ac-ft/yr30 cfs
(19.4 mgd)
21,700 ac-ft/yr0 cfs0 ac-ft/yr
9259City of Port
Townsend
2/9/1927Little QuilcenePrimary9.56 cfs
(6.2 mgd)
6,900 ac-ft/yr9.56 cfs
(6.2 mgd)
6,900 ac-ft/yr0 cfs0 ac-ft/yr
Claims
None
TOTAL********************************************39.56 cfs
(25.6 mgd)
28,600 ac-ft/yr39.56 cfs
(25.6 mgd)
28,600 ac-ft/yr0 cfs0 ac-ft/yr
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow Rate
Maximum
Annual Average
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow Rate
Maximum
Annual Average
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow Rate
Maximum
Annual
Average
None
G2-30059City of Port
Townsend
6/13/2002WellSupplemental150 gpm34 ac-ft/yr150 gpm34 ac-ft/yr
Notes:
Pending Water
Right
Application
Name on
Permit
Date SubmittedPrimary or
Supplemental
Pending Water Rights
Maximum Annual Volume
Requested
Maximum Instantaneous Flow
Rate Requested
Existing Limits on Intertie Water
Use
Existing Consumption Through
Intertie
Current Intertie Supply Status
(Excess/Deficiency)
Name of Purveyor Providing Water
Priority DateSource Name/
Number
Primary or
Supplemental
Existing Consumption1 Current Water Right Status
(Excess/Deficiency)1
Permit
Certificate or
Claim #
Name of
Rightholder or
Claimant
Intertie Name/Identifier
Existing Water Rights
1. Maximum instantaneous flow rate is the amount of water which can be taken from the source during a period of peak operation. Typically this value is the MDD; however, in
this case, the maximum instantaneous rate is the flow used to fill Lords Lake during winter months.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-15 4-16
bypasses of 35 cfs or more. The study period of record was 20% wetter than long term
average conditions and the analysis indicated that the current voluntary 27 cfs bypass
release is likely close to the maximum release possible without causing significant adverse
impact on reservoir initial fill and subsequent refill. Maintaining a 27 cfs bypass with a 50
percent reservoir expansion would only allow refilling a 50 percent or 100 percent expanded
reservoir 4 out of 5 years during a wetter than normal cycle. Preliminary cost estimates
were $2.3 to 3.0 million for a 50 percent storage expansion and $3.7 to 5.5 million to double
the reservoir capacity.
4.2.2 Current and Projected Usage
The current and projected municipal usage for the City was presented in Section 2 of this
Plan. PTPC utilizes the majority of the City’s water rights as noted previously. Over time
Port Townsend Paper Company has upgraded its equipment and improved operating
processes so that today paper production has increased 50 percent from 20 years ago, while
at the same time using less water. Average water use to produce a ton of paper has declined
41 percent between 1996 and 2003. Operation of the PTPC’s hydro turbine generator
requires a constant 14 mgd flow. When drafting from Lords Lake is necessary to maintain
instream flows on the Big Quilcene River, PTPC shuts off the hydro turbine generator and
changes its operations to save approximately 3 to 4 mgd. It is expected that PTPC will
continue to implement additional conservation measures that will further reduce their water
requirements, allowing the City to meet its future growth needs. For planning purposes, it
is assumed that PTPC will continue to operate at a constant 14 mgd.
4.2.3 Adequacy of Water Rights
The comparison of existing water rights to projected demand is necessary to evaluate the
long-term need for additional water rights. Water rights acquisition is typically a lengthy
and controversial process. Thus, it is important to establish whether or not additional water
rights will be needed to meet projected growth and when such rights would be needed.
Supply facilities are typically designed with a capacity equal to the projected total MDD of
the customers they serve. Diurnal variations in demand in excess of the MDD are typically
met by distribution system reservoir storage. Thus, the projected MDD for the City and
PTPC’s projected supply needs are compared in Table 4-7 and 4-8 with the instantaneous
water right of the Big Quilcene River (19.4 mgd). The water right for the Little Quilcene
River is not factored into this comparison because of restrictions on its use related to
instream flow requirements limit its use during the late summer and early fall.
While the City has adequate water rights to meet current and projected water uses it is
seeking an additional ground water right of 150 gpm for irrigation of the City owned golf
course, which would reduce flows diverted from the Quilcene Rivers during periods of low
stream flow and provide an emergency water source in the City. It is important to
recognize that these water rights are fully utilized throughout the year. As the City
voluntarily reduces its intake during summer months to maintain instream flows, water
stored in Lords Lake is used to compensate for the difference between City demands and
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-17
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Table 4-8
Forecasted Water Rights Status
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow
Maximum
Annual
Average1
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow Rate3
Maximum
Annual
Average1
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow
Maximum
Annual
Average1
1021City of Port
Townsend
2/9/1927Big QuilcenePrimary30 cfs
(19.4 mgd)
21,700 ac-ft/yr30 cfs
(19.4 mgd)
21,700 ac-ft/yr0 cfs0 ac-ft/yr
9259City of Port
Townsend
2/9/1927Little QuilcenePrimary9.56 cfs
(6.2 mgd)
6,900 ac-ft/yr9.56 cfs
(6.2 mgd)
6,900 ac-ft/yr0 cfs0 ac-ft/yr
Claims
None
TOTAL********************************************39.56 cfs
(25.6 mgd)
28,600 ac-ft/yr39.56 cfs
(25.6 mgd)
28,600 ac-ft/yr0 cfs0 ac-ft/yr
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow Rate
Maximum
Annual Average
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow Rate
Maximum
Annual Average
Maximum
Instantaneous
Flow Rate
Maximum
Annual
Average
None
G2-30059City of Port
Townsend
6/13/2002WellSupplemental150 gpm34 ac-ft/yr150 gpm34 ac-ft/yr
Notes:
Current Intertie Supply Status
(Excess/Deficiency)
Pending Water
Right
Application
Name on
Permit
Date SubmittedPrimary or
Supplemental
Pending Water Rights
Maximum Instantaneous Flow
Rate Requested
Maximum Annual Volume
Requested
Intertie Name/IdentifierName of Purveyor Providing Water
Forecasted Water Right Status
(Excess/Deficiency - 20 Year
Demand in Water Right)1
Permits/Certificates
Primary or
Supplemental
Source Name/
Number
Priority DateName of
Rightholder or
Claimant
Permit
Certificate or
Claim #
Existing Water RightsForecasted Water Use from
Sources (20 Year Demand)1
1. Maximum instantaneous flow rate is the amount of water which can be taken from the source during a period of peak operation. Typically this value is the MDD; however, in
this case, the maximum instantaneous rate is the flow used to fill Lords Lake during winter months.
Existing Limits on Intertie Water
Use
Existing Consumption Through
Intertie
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-18
withdrawal from the rivers. Reservoirs are refilled in the wet fall and winter months,
during which the full water rights for both the Big Quilcene and Little Quilcene are utilized.
The City has identified the following alternatives to meet its long-term supply needs if City
needs grow faster than projected:
Reduce or eliminate its supply commitment to LUD#3
Increase conservation efforts
Continue to work with PTPC to develop ways to reduce consumption at the mill
Although adequate water rights are in place to meet the combined needs of the PTPC and
the City, the City is limited to 5 mgd per its lease agreement with the PTPC. Out of that 5
mgd must come supply for the City as well as the 0.28 mgd commitment the City has to
LUD#3. As a result, the City, itself (including areas currently served adjacent to the City), is
limited in terms of supply to 4.72 mgd. Comparing that to the projected 2025 MDD of 3.99
mgd, as presented in Table 2-8, there appears to be adequate supply per the City’s water
rights and lease agreement with the PTPC for growth in demand.
Port Townsend is negotiating renewal of three special use permits with the US Forest
Service (USFS) for the operation and maintenance of the Big and Little Quilcene River
diversions and transmission pipelines. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Fisheries department (NOAA Fisheries) review of the potential impact of the water
diversions to threaten salmon species is likely to lead to minimum stream flow conditioning
of the permits by the USFS. It is expected that the City’s current 27 cfs voluntary minimum
instream flow for the Big Quilcene River would be become a mandatory requirement. This
would restrict withdrawals during low stream flows and necessitate increased reliance on
water stored in Lords Lake. Nine years of operating the water system with a 27 cfs
minimum instream flow restriction shows that storage capacity, combined with
conservation efforts by City residents and Port Townsend Paper Company, is sufficient for
community water needs.
4.2.4 Dosewallips Application
On February 20, 1956, the City filed Surface Water Application No. 13765 for the
appropriation of 50 cfs continuously from the Dosewallips River for municipal supply.
Development of this application was studied and discussed as Alternative 2 in the 1986
Coordinated Water System Plan for Jefferson County. This alternative, in combination with
groundwater development, was selected by the WUCC as the alternative providing the
“maximum net benefits.”
In early 1998 the City sent a letter to Ecology reiterating its intention to continue forward
with its water rights application on the Dosewallips River. Ecology responded in a letter
recommending the City pursue an alternative water supply strategy because of the
likelihood that instream flow requirements, not yet set, would close the river to diversions
from July through mid-November. Ecology stated that despite the 1956 priority date of the
City’s application, any water right that might be granted would be subject to instream flow
requirements that would necessarily be set as part of granting the water right.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-19
The 1998 City of Port Townsend Water System Plan examined future water needs and the
financial ability to develop water resources. Perfected supplies were determined to be
adequate for planned population growth and the capital cost of developing and
transporting water from the Dosewallips River was not justifiable. The expected listing of
Puget Sound Fall Chinook salmon and Hood Canal Summer Chum salmon under the
Endangered Species Act would also have had a significant adverse affect on the City’s
ability to obtain water rights. Based on the evaluation of existing water resources and
environmental considerations, the Port Townsend City Council adopted a resolution in 1998
abandoning the City’s Dosewallips River surface water application.
4.3 Water System Reliability Analysis
The City’s efforts to ensure reliable water service and supply are presented in this section.
These efforts are presented in the following categories: source, facility, and water shortage
response planning.
4.3.1 Source Reliability
Both the Big Quilcene and the Little Quilcene Rivers provide the City’s source water. These
sources have historically been a reliable source for both quantity and quality of water for the
City’s municipal needs.
4.3.1.1 Capacity
Hydraulic Capacity of the OGWS: The hydraulic capacity of the OGWS between the Big
Quilcene River diversion and City Lake is approximately 20 mgd, based on historical meter
data collected at the meter into City Lake. The hydraulic capacity of the OGWS
downstream of City Lake under the current facility conditions is shown from historical
meter records to be approximately 25 mgd. With OGWS capacities exceeding the combined
current and projected demand needs of the City and PTPC, and the Big Quilcene River
water right, the hydraulic capacity of the transmission system is not a limiting factor in
supplying the peak flow needs of the City and PTPC.
Critical Water Supply Period: The City has surface water rights equal to or in excess of
projected demands. The main limiting factor in providing adequate future supply is the
capacity of Lords Lake. Because of the voluntary maintenance of instream flow on the Big
Quilcene River and the instream flow requirements for the Little Quilcene River, it is
typically necessary to draft from Lords Lake to meet demands during the late summer dry
weather season. The extent to which drafting of Lords Lake is necessary is dependent on
the weather-related factors that affect the flows in the Big and Little Quilcene Rivers. In
some years, very little drafting of Lords Lake is necessary; however, during 2002, the full
capacity of Lords Lake was used and water was pumped 2 feet below the reservoir intake.
The levels in Lords Lake for 2002 are depicted in Figure 4-1 showing a drawdown of
approximately 520 MG. The year 2002 was unusually dry with limited rain between June
and the beginning of November, whereas the average reservoir-draw-down for the past
seven years has varied between 125 and 325 MG, averaging 175 MG.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-20
Figure 4-1: 2002 Lords Lake Level
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
8/18/88/15 8/22 8/29 9/59/12 9/19 9/26 10/3
10/1010/1710/2410/31 11/7
11/1411/2111/28
Inches
As seen in Figure 4-1, without appreciable rain during the summer and fall and maintaining
a 27 cfs stream flow below the Big Quilcene River diversion, Lords Lake storage capacity
allows for approximately two months of continued PTPC operations and supply to the City.
As the City population grows, this storage depletion curve will steepen unless the City and
PTPC are able to compensate with improved conservation measures.
The City is a cooperator with the National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) in
maintaining the nearby “SNOTEL” data- gathering site located on the south boundary of
the Big Quilcene watershed at Mount Crag. The SNOTEL station documents snowpack and
rainfall that can be used to predict streamflows. The SNOTEL site is operated and
maintained by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation
Service. The City and PTPC utilize the data collected since 1990 to estimate water
availability; however summer rainfall patterns have a large influence on late summer
streamflows.
Big Quilcene River and Little Quilcene River flow measurements below the diversions have
been collected from a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) gauge since 1994.
4.3.1.2 Quality
Water quality for the City’s source waters is discussed in detail in Section 3. As discussed in
Section 3, supply has been completely reliable in past operations. All applicable water
quality requirements have been met.
CONSERVATION, RIGHTS, RELIABILITY, & INTERTIES
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 4-21
4.3.2 Facility Reliability
An analysis of the City’s water system facilities is presented in Section 3 of this Plan. The
facility improvements summarized in Section 3 are included in the City’s improvement
program, presented in Section 8 of this Plan.
4.3.3 Water Shortage Response Planning
The City has a water shortage response plan, which is presented in Appendix U. This water
shortage response plan addresses temporary short-term conditions where adequate supply
is not available to meet customer needs.
4.4 Interties
The City has wholesale contracts for the delivery of water. To eliminate any potential
argument that these wholesale customers are located outside of the boundaries of the City’s
water service area, as it exists now or at the time water rights were granted to the City, this
notice is being provided to grandfather these interties according to state law. Pursuant to
RCW 90.03.383, WSDOH and Ecology were notified that the interties were existing and in
use as of January 1, 1991 (see intertie notice to Ecology and WSDOH in Appendix V). The
wholesale customers to whom the City provides water through an intertie are as follows:
PUD No. 1 of Jefferson County (LUD No. 3 - “South Hastings Loop”) . Metering for the
South Hastings Loop is at the Chevy Chase Golf Course on Cape George Road. The
length of the pipeline between the intertie and first customer provides sufficient chlorine
contact time. CT compliance for LUD No. 3 is calculated by the PUD but varies from
greater than 2 to more than 15.
PTPC. Metering for Mill usage is measured at the Mill and may be calculated by
subtracting City and LUD No. 3 usage from City Lake outflow. Port Townsend Paper
Company monitors CT for their potable water system.
Copies of these contracts are provided in Appendix W. There are no additional proposed
interties for the City’s water system.
Q-1
Appendix Q
Conservation Measure Evaluation
The 2003 Municipal Water Law has changed State conservation program elements from
voluntary measures to a regulated requirement. Water use efficiency rules are required to
be adopted by December 2005. The new regulation will incorporate conservation
planning, performance reporting, and a distribution leakage standard. Efficiency
requirements will start with existing guidance.
Water systems are required to evaluate certain recommended conservation program
measures for inclusion into their conservation program. Not all recommended
conservation measures are required to be put in place. Some measures may not be
suitable or feasible for a particular water system and may not represent the best use of the
water systems financial resources. An effective conservation program is focused on the
inclusion of measures that provide the greatest opportunity for water usage savings at a
reasonable cost. A summary of that evaluation for the City of Port Townsend is presented
in this appendix.
Q.1 Conservation Measure Evaluation
A qualitative summary of all potential program measures evaluated for inclusion in Port
Townsend’s Conservation Program is provided in Table Q-1, including measure
description, cost (high to low), knowledge needed for implementation (high to low), and
potential water savings (high to low). The list of measures for the City’s program was
narrowed based on this initial evaluation to include the program elements with the
greatest benefit per cost in the City's initial program design. After successful
implementation of the projects identified in the initial program and evaluation of initial
program water savings, the City will reconsider other measures for inclusion in their
conservation program.
It should be noted that water savings and costs directly and indirectly attributable to
public education/information activities are often difficult to quantify because they occur
as an integral part of administrating other technical programs within the overall
conservation strategy. Utilities that have been pursuing conservation for some time
indicate that, although the actual savings from these informational activities are difficult to
quantify, these programs are necessary to ensure participation by customers in other
program measures and increase community awareness of the importance of conservation.
Q-2
TABLE Q-1
Port Townsend Conservation Program Potential Conservation Measures
Measure Description DOH
Recommend?
Implementation
Cost Range
Implementation
Difficulty
Water Savings
Potential and/or
Educational
Value
Public Education
School Outreach/ Teacher
Conservation Education
Workshops
No Low Moderate Good long term
change in water
use attitude.
Small initial
savings.
Speaker's Bureau No Low to high
depending on
speaker
Moderate Low to moderate
Program Promotion -
Mailers/ Brochures/
Calendars
Required Depends on
materials used
Low Low to moderate.
Helps other
programs
succeed.
Theme Shows/ Exhibits No Low to moderate Moderate Low to moderate.
Aids in program
promotion.
Youth Education (scouts,
4-H, etc.)
No Low Low Good long term
change in water
use attitude.
Small initial
savings.
Targeted Mailers/ New
Customer Packets
No Low to Moderate Low Low
Summer Water Use
Monitor (direct observation
of and suggestions for
correcting wasteful water
use practices)
No Moderate to high Moderate Low to moderate.
Probably most
effective for short-
term shortage
savings.
Contests (poster, water
saving landscapes,
slogan/logo, exhibits)
No Moderate Moderate Low.
Media Advertising (radio,
newspaper, TV, bus signs,
billboards, table tents,
etc.)
No Low if included
as public service
announcement.
Low Low
Videotape Production No Low to High. High Will vary with
delivery
mechanism.
Technical Assistance
Purveyor Assistance Yes Low Low Low to moderate.
Customer Assistance Yes Low Low Low to moderate.
Q-3
TABLE Q-1
Port Townsend Conservation Program Potential Conservation Measures
Measure Description DOH
Recommend?
Implementation
Cost Range
Implementation
Difficulty
Water Savings
Potential and/or
Educational
Value
Technical Study -
Customer Water Use
Survey
Yes High High Moderate
Water Use History on Bill Yes High High Low
System Measures
Source Meter -
Installation, Calibration,
and Repair
Required Moderate Low Moderate
Service Meter -
Installation, Calibration,
and Repair
Yes Moderate Low Moderate
Water System Leak
Detection
Yes Moderate Moderate Moderate to high
Multi-Family Submetering Yes High Moderate Moderate
Lower System Pressure No High High Low
Automatic Meter Reading No High High Low
Incentives/Other Measures
Single-Family and Multi-
Family Retrofit/Equipment
Programs
Yes Low to High. High Moderate
Nurseries/Agriculture Yes Moderate Moderate Low
Landscape
Management/Playfields –
Xeriscape
Yes Moderate Moderate Moderate
Conservation Pricing Yes Low Low Low to moderate
Single Family Ultra Low
Flush Toilet Rebates
No Moderate to high Moderate Moderate
Residential/Commercial
Water Use Audits
No Moderate to high High Low to moderate
Paper Mill Conservation
Assistance
No Low Low High
Industrial/Commercial
reuse/recycling (cooling
systems, laundry, car
washes)
No Moderate to high High Moderate
Wastewater Reuse-
Irrigation and Large Water
Users
No Moderate to high High Moderate
Q-4
TABLE Q-1
Port Townsend Conservation Program Potential Conservation Measures
Measure Description DOH
Recommend?
Implementation
Cost Range
Implementation
Difficulty
Water Savings
Potential and/or
Educational
Value
Demonstration Gardens No Moderate to
High
High Low
Municipal Water Use
Efficiency
No Low Low Low, but portrays
positive
community
attitude.
Irrigation Technical
Assistance (irrigation
audits, irrigation system
design assistance,
promotion of efficient
irrigation equipment, plant
tags, workshops)
No Moderate to high High Moderate
Gray Water Lines No High High Moderate
Landscape Conversion
Incentives
No Moderate Low to
moderate
Moderate
Pipe Insulation Program No High High Low
Policy/Ordinance
Landscape
Management/Landscape
Ordinances
No Low utility cost,
potentially high
customer cost.
Moderate Moderate
Outdoor Water Use
Restrictions/Alternative
Day Watering
No Low Moderate Moderate. More
for short term use.
Irrigation System
Approvals or Special
Irrigation Design
Requirements
No High Moderate
Wasted Water Ordinance No Low Moderate Low
Required
Plumbing/Landscape
Retrofit on Sale of Home
No Low utility cost,
high customer
cost.
High Moderate
Transferable Savings
(paying a proportion of the
city's avoided cost to the
customer)
No High High Low
Measures not selected are shaded.
Q-5
Q.2 Selected Conservation Measures
The conservation measures presented herein fall into four main categories, as presented in
WSDOH’s current Conservation Planning Requirements, public education, technical
assistance, system measures, and incentives/other measures. These measures were
selected by the City for inclusion into its conservation program because of their potential
effectiveness, historical success in Port Townsend and other municipalities, and relatively
low cost of implementation. Brief summaries of these measures are also presented in
Section 4.
Q.2.1 Public Education
The City recognizes the importance of educating its citizenry, especially its young people,
about the importance of conserving water. The conservation measures presented in this
section relate to education in the public schools as well as in other forums.
School Outreach
Description: Through presentations and facility tours the Water Conservation Program
Manager will conduct outreach to community schools and other
organizations. The goal is to help develop a conservation ethic within the
community by educating staff and students.
Budget: $500 for supplies and $100/year thereafter. Staff time is not included as an
expense.
Monitoring: Water savings from this type of program is difficult to measure. The success
of this program will be monitored by the number of events, presentations,
water system facilities tours, etc.
Program Promotion
Description: This measure is already in-place with mailings and brochures to customers
regarding the need for conservation and the City’s conservation efforts. This
program includes a variety of conservation material including conservation
brochures, literature and reference materials. The City will also periodically
update brochures explaining their water rate structure.
The City will work with the local newspaper, The Leader, to establish a
“Water Conservation Corner” section in the paper. The Conservation
Program Manager will be responsible for coordinating public release of
water supply and conservation information for the City. A series of
conservation helpful hints, and a water supply and water use summary will
be submitted regularly in the newspaper during the summer and on an
occasional basis in the winter. Pertinent regional or statewide news
(legislative, new programs, new conservation products, etc.) will also be
tracked and submitted for publication in the newspaper.
Q-6
Budget: $1,000 for brochures and literature
Monitoring: No monitoring plan has been established for this measure.
Q.2.2 Technical Assistance
The technical assistance measures presented in this section relate to assisting purveyors,
including the Jefferson County PUD, and wholesale and retail customers.
Purveyor and Customer Assistance
Description: Provide assistance to wholesale water customers and purveyors as
requested. Technical assistance will be provided by the Conservation
Program Manager.
Budget: No material costs are associated with this program. Staff time is not
included in the budget.
Monitoring: This program will be monitored through the number of calls received and
documented assistance provided.
Q.2.3 System Measures
The measures presented in this section relate to actions that can be taken toward physical
components of the distribution system.
Source Meter Monitoring and Calibration
Description: All of the City’s water sources are currently metered. This measure will
include meter calibration and repair. Calibration should occur every five
years and meters will be repaired as needed.
Budget: The cost of this measure is included in the operations budget. The cost for
the meter calibration program for 7 supply meters (Quilcene diversions
(two), City Lake (two), Tri-Area master, and City meters) is estimated to be
$7,500.
Monitoring: This measure will be monitored through annual calibration and comparison
of annual master meter readings.
Service Meter Monitoring and Repair/Replacement
Description: Over 99 percent of the City's customers are currently metered. Efforts will
continue to locate and meter remaining unmetered services and illegal
system connections. Electronic data loggers are now being used during
meter reading, which will decrease opportunities for errors in consumption
records. Many of the City’s customer meters are believed to be reading low
because of their relatively old age, however there is a budget to replace 150
Q-7
meters per year.
Budget: The cost of this measure is included in the operations budget. The estimated
annual cost of the meter replacement program is $15,000 for touch-read
meters plus approximately 75 hours of personnel time. Meter calibration for
the wholesale customers (Port Townsend Paper Co., Jefferson County PUD’s
LUD#3 (two), Glen Cove, Ft. Flagler, Indian Island, and the Fish Lab) is
estimated to cost an additional $7,500.
Monitoring: The success of the measure will be monitored by comparison of monthly
data and amount of unaccounted-for water.
Leak Detection/Unaccounted Water
Description: The City has already begun efforts to locate and reduce sources of
unaccounted water, including metering unmetered accounts, repairing
broken meters, and identifying and repairing leaks. The City has contracted
leak detection services and begun a routine program for leak detection and
repair. The distribution system will be inspected on a 5-year rotating
schedule, including meters, services, hydrants, and mains. At least two City
water department staff will be trained in the use of the leak detection
equipment. Reservoir leakage tests will also be conducted once every 5
years.
Budget: The cost of this program is included in the operations budget. The estimated
costs are $8,500 per 25 miles + $300/leak for repairs.
Monitoring: Source-of supply volumes and volumes of unaccounted water will be
estimated annually. These quantities will include water used for public uses
(firefighting, street washing, sewer and water main flushing, non-metered
irrigation at public facilities, etc.), and construction. If it is found that the
volumes of water used for these purposes is significantly higher than for
other similar sized communities, a program will be established to reduce
public water uses and to meter construction water.
Q.2.4 Incentives and Other Measures
The conservation measures presented in this section include those that provide incentives
for conservation and other miscellaneous measures.
Landscape Management/Playfield - Xeriscaping
Description: The Conservation Program Manager will collect and disseminate
information to the public on efficient irrigation and landscaping practices,
including the water savings potential and associated monetary savings that
can be realized by using the techniques. Irrigation audit guidebooks will be
made available to the public. Information on the availability of various
irrigation/ landscaping products will also be made available. Depending on
program cost and policy implications, the City may consider an economic
incentive (coupon, rebate on water bill) for purchase of irrigation technology
Q-8
and water conserving devices. The Conservation Corner of the newspaper
(included in the Program Promotion measure) will be the primary vehicle for
distribution of outdoor water use information. Irrigation education and self-
auditing seminars will be held for interested groups such as gardening
societies, environmental groups, and parent's associations.
Budget: $2,000/year for materials
Monitoring: Savings from this program will be monitored through reductions in peak
demands and summer month demands. Success of the program will also be
monitored through dispersal of literature and community interest in
conservation incentives and devices.
Conservation Pricing
Description: The City has a base rate charge and a usage charge based on the actual
water used. The current rate structure will be reviewed annually to
determine whether it should be modified to include additional tiers,
summer/winter rates, greater proportion of rates shifted to usage charges, or
other additional conservation incentives.
Budget: The cost of evaluating, updating, and implementing periodic conservation
rate adjustments is considered to be a necessary part of the City's financial
administration; this cost has not been assessed as part of the City's
conservation program.
Monitoring: This program will be monitored through monthly water use rates and per
capita water use.
Paper Mill Conservation
Description: The Port Townsend Paper Company Mill (Mill) affords the greatest
opportunity for large-scale water conservation of the City’s Quilcene surface
water supply. The Mill uses approximately 12.5 mgd for mill operations but
diverts an average of approximately 14.5 mgd from the OGWS, which is
used to generate electric power. The Mill has temporarily reduced water use
during water shortages to 10 to 11 mgd through operational modifications.
There is also a move toward equipment replacement at the Mill, which will
result in water use reduction. These changes are being made to improve
Mill performance and reduce use of natural resources.
Under the terms of the water service contract between the City and the Mill,
the water supply system is operated and maintained by the Mill in exchange
for water supply. The City has initiated discussions with the Mill regarding
the potential for collaborative efforts to implement increased conservation
by the Mill. These discussions will continue and may include revisions to
the water supply contract between the City and the Mill to reallocate a
percentage of the conserved water to the City’s future requirements and/or
to instream flow.
Q-9
Budget: Current changes at the Mill are being implemented without cost to the City.
Monitoring: Water use will be monitored monthly on the master meter.
Municipal Water Use Efficiency
Description: In order to achieve active participation and support of conservation
programs by the community, the following projects will be evaluated for
implementation by City departments and at all City facilities.
Flush and test hydrants during winter and spring months, except when
an emergency arises
Retrofit water efficient plumbing fixtures in City facilities.
Use water efficient landscape and irrigation design principles on all new
public and substantially remodeled facilities (schools, parks, reservoirs,
community centers, libraries, other City buildings)
Budget: Replacement plumbing fixtures costs are estimated to be $1,000 and
landscaping costs will depend on planting selection.
Monitoring: The success of this program will be monitored through monthly water use
by the City.
Q.2.5 Measures to be Considered for Future
Implementation
Several measures were evaluated but not included in the City’s conservation program;
however, some of these measures, though not included in the current program warrant
further consideration in the short-term future. A description of these measures is
presented in this section.
Residential Water Use Audits
Residential water audits would be performed at the request of the homeowner. This
service would be advertised on the monthly water bill. Typically, these audits are
performed free of charge and include installation of retrofit devices. The water use
auditor checks for leaks, installs retrofit items, and provides detailed suggestions on areas
where homeowners can save water. Water audits typically take one hour. To maintain
savings from audits, the service probably needs to be periodically repeated (every 5 to 10
years). Audits typically cost about $70 per site.
Multi-Family/Commercial/Institutional Water Use Audits
The City would identify the largest water users in the system for participation in this
program. Potential participants include: Ft. Worden, hotels/motels, Port Townsend
hospital, car washes, laundries, Point Hudson, Port of Port Townsend, groceries, large
apartments, and Kah Tai Care Center. The water audits would include and evaluation of
indoor and outdoor water use as appropriate. Devices would not be included. Some
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conservation incentives could be offered. Audits typically cost $1,000 for schools, care
centers, apartment complexes, and motels/hotels and $4,000 for the larger customers such
as Ft. Worden, Ft. Flagler, Point Hudson, and hospitals.
Single-Family Ultra Low Flush Toilet Rebates
This measure should target the large number of homes in Port Townsend with older, large
volume toilets. The measure could include a $70 rebate for 1.6 gallon-per-flush toilets. This
would result in a significant reduction in water use from a 5 to 7 gpf toilet. A budget of
$4,000/year should be considered which would allow for about 60 rebates per year of about
1.5% of the residential customers. Rebates should be limited to one per household with new
construction and major remodels excluded. Monthly water use for each customer receiving a
rebate should be monitored and compared with usage for previous years. Customer follow-
up should be conducted to determine customer satisfaction with the new toilet.
Conservation Education
The Water Conservation Program Manager along with the Washington State University
Cooperative Extension coordinator would assist the schools with development of curricula on
water conservation, which are applicable to grade school, middle school, and/or high school
students. Similar programs within other Washington communities would be reviewed and
customized to reflect the lifestyle and values of Port Townsend residents. As part of this
educational effort, other City water department staff would speak to classes about water
system operations and water supply issues. The curricula could include, but are not limited
to, science or art projects/contests related to conservation, community involvement projects
(design of a conservation poster display or flower garden for a community event), and field
trips to water system facilities. Audio-visual materials may also be developed. The program
could also be expanded to other community youth organizations.
Water Use History on Bill
The current utility billing software does not include the ability to print water consumption
histogram on customer utility bills. This will be considered during future software
upgrades.
Appendix R
Water Reuse and Largest Water Users
The narrative presented herein is excerpted, unchanged, from Section 8.8 of the City of
Port Townsend 1998 Water System Plan. Backup cost information presented in the
1998 Plan as Appendix V is also included in this appendix – after the narrative.
As part of WSDOH’s Conservation Planning Requirements, all public water systems are
required to incorporate an inventory of major potential sources and uses for reclaimed
water in their water system plan. Effluent from the City’s municipal wastewater treatment
plant is considered to be the only local supply available for reuse. However, other possible
candidates for supplying reuse water are the effluent from the fish laboratory on
Marrowstone Island and the effluent from the PTPC mill. The waste stream at
Marrowstone Island is highly brackish and is very far from potential reuse customers in the
City and Tri-Area systems. No studies have been conducted on the waste stream from the
PTPC mill. Whether or not this waste stream represents a potential reuse supply source
depends on many factors that would have to be evaluated.
Potential candidates for irrigation with wastewater treatment plant effluent include: Fort
Worden State Park, the municipal golf course, the fairgrounds, cemeteries, two schools, and
several other parks. Many of these potential candidates are not currently irrigated; thus, the
potential for reducing demand by using reclaimed water is not great.
Only 3 acres of the 350-acre Fort Worden State Park are currently irrigated. Fort Worden
contains approximately 80 acres of lawn area, of which 25 to 30 acres have been considered
for installation of irrigation systems using City water. However, because of the cost of
construction and recent increases in water rates, irrigation has not been pursued.
As previously stated, other potential reuse sites also do not currently use substantial
amounts of irrigation water. The fairgrounds, some of the cemeteries, and other
undeveloped parcels do not currently irrigate. The golf course only irrigates about 25 to 30
percent of 55 acres and typically does not irrigate at all for approximately 5 months during
winter and early spring. A review of the City’s billing records shows peak monthly
consumption at the golf course to be as high as 3.4 MG. This 3.4 MG peak monthly
consumption translates to an ADD during the peak month of 110,000 gallons per day. The
annual ADD at the golf course is approximately 28,000 gallons per day based on the 1995
and 1996 billing records.
A summary of the City’s 30 largest water customers is presented in Table 8-6. The users are
presented in descending order based on the maximum month usage. These customers
include wholesale and retail customers served from the City system and the Tri-Area
system.
It is apparent from Table 8-6 that there is relatively little opportunity to reduce total
customer demand by providing reclaimed water for some uses such as irrigation. However,
another important benefit of developing a reclaimed water supply is the reduced volume of
effluent discharge from the wastewater treatment plant. Reducing this volume can extend
the useful life of the treatment plant outfall. This additional benefit should be considered
when determining whether to implement a reuse project in the future.
An order-of-magnitude project cost estimate was prepared in 1993, including construction
of filtration treatment for the sewage effluent, a pump station, storage reservoirs, and
distribution network linking various irrigation sites. The project cost of a 0.75-mgd
treatment facility, a distribution network, and other ancillary facilities was estimated at
from $4 million to $5 million in 1993 dollars. If these costs are escalated to 1997 dollars at
5 percent per year, the total project cost would range from $4.9 million to $6.1 million.
Backup information for these reuse system cost estimates is presented in Appendix V.
Table 8-6
Summary of Largest Water Users
(Based on 2003-2004 Billing Records)
Customer
2003-2004 1-Year
Total (gallons)
Average Annual Day
(gallons/day)
Average Month
(gallons/month)
Maximum Month
(gallons/month)
Potential For
Reuse? (1)
FORT WORDEN12,754,00034,9421,062,83329,6102,961,000yes
P T GOLF COURSE12,030,00032,9591,002,50036,4003,640,000yes
JEFFERSON GENERAL HOSPITAL5,024,00013,764418,6676,060606,000no
PORT OF PORT TOWNSEND5,004,30013,710417,0252,528711,000no
MOUNTAIN VIEW SCHOOL3,616,0009,907301,33311,3401,134,000no
CHETZEMOKA PARK3,537,7009,692294,8087,754775,400yes
BLUE HERON SCHOOL3,465,8009,495288,81711,2791,127,900no
HARBORSIDE INN2,769,7007,588230,8083,714371,400no
JEFFERSON CO COURTHOUSE2,685,6007,358223,8004,232423,200no
SAFEWAY STORES INC2,468,6006,763205,7172,662266,200no
MANRESA INN,INC1,989,0005,449165,7503,860386,000no
LIFE CARE SERV OF AMERICA1,847,3005,061153,9422,357235,700no
P U D1,645,4004,508137,1173,357335,700no
ALC, INC/VICTORIA1,561,6004,278130,1332,522252,200no
CAROL'S LAUNDROMAT1,387,4003,801115,6171,747174,700no
MARINE PLAZA APTS1,329,0003,641110,7501,611161,100no
BPS INC1,183,4003,24298,6171,369136,900no
PT LAUNDROMAT AND CAR WASH1,114,7003,05492,8921,559155,900no
SEA BREEZE CENTER975,1002,67281,2581,458145,800no
FOREST PARK CONDO ASSOC.814,3002,23167,8581,939193,900no
Notes:
(1) Only those business and municipal customers in the City of Port Townsend (near the reuse water source of the wastewater treatment plant)
that have significant irrigation usage are considered potential candidates for reuse.
WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM
CITY OF PORT TOWNSEND WATER SYSTEM PLAN 8-4
Table 8-6
Summary of Largest Water Users
(Based on 1995 and 1996 Billing Records)
Customer
1995 and 1996 2-Year
Total (gallons)
Average Annual
Total (gallons/year)
Average Annual Day
(gallons/day)
Average Month
(gallons/month)
Maximum Month
(gallons/month)
Potential For
Reuse? (1)
Port Townsend Golf Course20,267,00010,133,50027,763844,4583,395,000yes
Indian Island Naval Station37,046,70018,523,35050,7491,543,6132,984,000no
Fort Worden State Park23,785,70011,892,85032,583991,0712,480,800yes
PUD (Glen Cove)15,891,4007,945,70021,769662,1421,828,400no
Port Townsend School District6,972,1003,486,0509,551290,5041,422,800yes
Chimacum School6,424,4003,212,2008,801267,6831,260,600no
PUD (LUD 3)14,281,1007,140,55019,563595,0461,069,000no
"Private Person"5,612,1002,806,0507,688233,8381,000,400no
Rowley Enterprises (Port of Port Townsend)9,496,0004,748,00013,008395,667892,000no
Fort Flagler State Park6,536,9003,268,4508,955272,371495,300no
General Hospital7,880,6003,940,30010,795328,358452,300no
Port of Port Townsend4,708,5002,354,2506,450196,188363,300no
"Private Person"6,358,9003,179,4508,711264,954360,900no
Quality Food Center5,155,9002,577,9507,063214,829344,000no
Harborside Inn3,952,9001,976,4505,415164,704340,200no
Manresa Inn3,891,0001,945,5005,330162,125308,900no
Marine Plaza Apartments3,379,8001,689,9004,630140,825268,200no
Service Activities Center3,048,7001,524,3504,176127,029262,600no
Sea Breeze Center4,453,5002,226,7506,101185,563255,300no
City of Port Townsend2,693,0001,346,5003,689112,208249,500no
Food COOP and Seed1,992,500996,2502,72983,021241,700no
Washington State Ferries3,359,8001,679,9004,602139,992240,100no
"Private Person"3,911,7001,955,8505,358162,988205,900no
Life Care Service of America3,670,8001,835,4005,028152,950203,700no
Safeway3,620,5001,810,2504,960150,854201,200no
County Jail2,929,4001,464,7004,013122,058192,000no
Admiralty Apartments3,444,4001,722,2004,718143,517184,100no
City of Port Townsend2,167,8001,083,9002,97090,325165,600no
Discovery View Retirement Home1,756,600878,3002,40673,192120,700no
Harmon-Mulligan2,003,1001,001,5502,74483,463114,900no
Notes:
(1) Only those business and municipal customers in the City of Port Townsend (near the reuse water source of the wastewater treatment plant) that have significant
irrigation usage are considered potential candidates for reuse.