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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2004.08.00 - Froggy Bottoms Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Final ReportFroggy Bottoms San Juan Retention Basin Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Final RePort August 2044 ) Prepared for: City of Port Townsend Waterman &, Kalz Building 181 Quincy Streeto 2d Floor PortTownsen4 WA98368 Prepared by: Dixie Llewellin Oh,rnpic Wellond Resources, lnc. 360 dM@coblesPeed.com Froggy Bottoms San Juan Retention Basin Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Report August 2004 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Project History 2.0 Project Goals and Monitoring Methodology 2.1 Project Goals and Objectives 2.2 Monitoring Methods 2.2.1 Determining Survival Rates of Trees, Shrubs, and Emergents 2.2.2 Documenting Wetland Changes with Photographs Table 1. Installation, Maintenance, and Monitoring Schedule 3.0 Results 3. 1 Survivorship of Planted Species 3.1 .1 Forest Survival 3.1.2 Scrub/Shrub Survival 3.1.3 Emergent Survival 4.0 Restoration Overvrew 4.1 Results of Goals and Objectives 4.1.1 Habitat and Wildlife Enhancement 4.1.2 Species Diversification 4.I.3 Community Education and Involvement 4.2 Revegetation Problems 4.2.1 Vandalism 4.2.2 Weeds 4.2.3 Irrigation System 4.2.4 Natural Hydrology Fluctuations 4.2.5 Animal and Insect Damage 4.2.6 Additional Problems 5.0 Recommendaion and Discussion of Specific Species 6.0 Summary Appendix Figures I. II. m. IV. V. u. VII Monitoring Zones and Photopoints Forest Monitoring Form Scrub/Shrub Monitoring Form Emergent Monitoring Form Photopoint s #1, #2, and #3 Photopoint s #4, #5, and #6 Chronology 1997 throtgh 2004 ') Froggy Bottoms San Juan Retention Basin Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Final Report August 2004 1.0 Introduction This report documents the sixth and final year of monitoring at Froggy Bottoms, San Juan Retention Basin, as required by the Wetland Revegetation, Monitoring, and Maintenance Plan, April 1998. Annual monitoring has been conducted to determine the success of planted species. Survivorship of desirable species is expected to be 85% or greater, with less than l5% weed species. Survivorship of tree and shrub species is expected to be 80% or greater. Monitoring was conducted on June 28, 2004. 1.1 Project History In 1997 the City of Port Townsend constructed a stormwater retention pond from a highly degraded Category III wetland in Basin 6 (delineated April 1997 PolarisiOlympic Wetland Resources). In addition to the retention pond, the project included bioswales, which collected and filtered additional stormwater from Cedar Street and Pacific Avenue. The San Juan Street Improvement Project also directed stormwater from San Juan Avenue towards Froggy Bottoms basin via a filtration pond. The site was revegetated with over 200 trees, 400 shrubs, and 500 emergent/herbaceous natives planted by volunteers, beginning in 1998 and continuing through 2002. An additional200 plants were added during 2003 and2004; those plants are not recorded as part of this project. Through this extensive volunteer effort (over 700 hours) the site has been transformed from a waste area of thistles, poison hemlock, and Himalayan blackberry to a site with multiple native plant communities and structural layers. Maintenance of the plants at Froggy Bottoms has been sporadic, originally conducted only by a volunteer crew. The site is large, soil types are diverse, and aggressive weeds are strongly established. A large number of the planted specimens did not survive the first year due to many factors, which are discussed in the overall restoration review at the end of this report. The City street crews, in conjunction with Resource Renewal, Inc. Quilcene, WA (an independent contractor) are currently mowing the site twice ayear. A chronology of plantings and maintenance is included in the Appendix (Figure VII). Olympic Wetland Resources, Inc. 1 San Juan Retention Basin Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Report August 2004 2.0 Project Goals and Monitoring Methodology 2.L Project Goals and Objectives One of the primary goals of the Froggy Bottoms Revegetation Project is to use native plants to create a diverse habitat, which over time will encourage additional use by wildlife. Native vegetation was selected, giving priority to species that benefit wildlife and can withstand local climatic conditions. Long-range goals include enhancing open space and utilizing biofiltration as a creative solution to water quality improvement and stormwater problems. 2.2Monitoring Methods The site was divided into monitoring zones; species with similar habitat requirements were grouped together. Water meters, the staff gauge, and other permanent landmarks define zone boundaries. The locations of the monitoring zones are presented in the map found in the Appendix (Figure I). 2.2.lDetermining Survival Rates of Trees, Shrubs, and Emergents Monitoring Data Sheets were used to determine plant survivorship and to record conditions of planted trees, shrubs, and emergents. Results of all monitoring from 1998 through this final monitoring are included in the Data Sheets in the Appendix (Figures II, ilI, and IV). The individual plants were counted throughout the entire site and compared with the numbers originally planted. Small plants that previously were under a weed cover are more mature and visible and all trees and shrubs are now significant in size. The majority of emergents were planted in or near the pond. Due to spreading rhizomes and re- seeding, several species in the emergent zone far exceed the numbers planted. Populations of volunteer native rushes, bulrushes, and sedges, which have adapted to the site have also been monitored. 2.2.2 Documenting Wetland Changes with Photographs Photographic monitoring provides a visual record of the restoration effort and water levels at Froggy Bottoms. Photographs document changes in the plant community over time. Six permanent photopoints were established in 1998. A map showing the photopoint locations and the directions in which the photographs were taken is included in the Appendix (Figure I). Photopoints #1 through#6 arc also included in the Appendix (Figures V and VI). The project has been implemented using a phased installation process as indicated in the maintenance and monitoring schedule outlined in Table 1. Olympic Wetland Resources, Inc. 2 San Juan Retention Basin Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Report August 2004 Table 1. Installation, Maintenanceo and Monitoring Schedule tion & Maintenance *Mowing by contract to City Crews and Resource Renewal in 2000, 2002,2003,2004 **Irrigation ended 2000 3.0 Results Dixie Llewellin of Olympic Wetland Resources, Inc has been retained to collect data for this monitoring project. Fieldwork was conducted on June 28th and 30th, 2004. 3.1 Survivorship of Planted Species Survival rates were calculated in two ways. The first method was to compare the number of live plants counted to the total numbers planted in 1998. The second method represents long term survival rates using a comparison of species surviving after 3 years (2000) with the 2004 count. This is a more realistic view of the project since many of the plants did not survive after the first season. 3.1.1 Forest Survival The survival rute for trees is good: 72 % (84% long term). Additional trees have been added by the Kah Tai Alliance (2003) and the North Olympic Salmon Coalition (2004). The additional species (pines, firs, and Oregon ash) have had minimal success due lack of inigation and maintenance. Along the pond's perimeter, Pacific willows now form a hedge 5 to 6 feet tall, creating a shade cover for more delicate native wetland grass (Deschampsia cespitosa) and herbs (Mentha arvense, Potentilla palustris). Hooker willows, planted as live stakes, are now healthy shrubs. The Garry oak planted near Pacific Avenue and the interpretive sign are well established and thriving. The cottonwood, ash, hawthorno oak, and aspen are well established and thriving. Evergreen species adapting well to the site include Douglas firs and shore pine. Although the Sitka spruce were vigorous and healthy for the first 5 years they have all died due to the infestation of the spruce spider mite (Oligonychus ununguis). Several species of deciduous Olympic Wetland Resources, Inc. 3 San Juan Retention Basin Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Report Fall 1997 Spring 1998 Fall 1998 Spring 1999 Fall 1999 Spring Fall Spring Fall Spring Fall Spring Fall Spring 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 lanting (Phase I, II, ilI)l0l9'7 r 0/98 4199 il 6198 6198 4t99 8/00 7ljt none gation **6198 8t99 8/00 none none none none plants as needed l0/98 Monitoring Vegetation and Habitat Hydrology Water Quality Photopoint Annual Report I 0/98 8199 8/00 8/01 7102 7lo3 6104 3t99 9198 l0/98 9t99 8/00 8/01 7t02 7 t03 6104 l0/98 9t99 9/00 9/01 7102 7103 6t04 August 2004 trees have not survived, including Mountain ash (drought and deer damage), big-leaf and vine maple (poor soils and drought along San Juan Avenue), and serviceberry (deer grazing, overtaken by weeds, and damaged by weed-eaters when small). 3.1.2 Scrub/Shrub Survival The survival rate is low for shrubs when comparing the number present in2004 to the number planted in 1998 and 1999 (34%). Several hundred shrubs did not survive after the initial planting for many reasons, including poor soils, over dominance by weeds, lack of water, grazing, and weed-eaters. A more realistic analysis is to count the shrubs that survived past the first 3 years. There is a96oh survival rate of shrubs when comparing 2000 with 2004. Along the eastern edge of the seasonal pond at Froggy Bottoms, and into the area of native undisturbed soils, the shrub layer is dense with ninebark, red-osier dogwood, Indian plum, hazelnut, and twinberry. Shrubs that are surviving now can withstand seasonal variations. Ocean spray, rose, and snowberry are robust. Native populations of shrubs are spreading from populations established on the perimeter of the project. 3.1.3 Emergent Survival The emergent area./stormwater pond at Froggy Bottoms experiences the most variability due to the fluctuating water table both seasonally and annually. Rainfall in the Port Townsend area has been below normal by 2to 5 inches per year for the last 5 years. This is discussed in more detail in Section 4.2.4, Natural Hydrology Fluctuations. A photograph from the first year of monitoring (1998) shows that the pond was the dominant feature of the low-lying area. The pond has been significantly smaller each yea as seen in the annual monitoring photographs. The pond always has standing water at some point during the winter but has been dry or containing only small areas of surface moisture during the annual monitoring phase the last 5 years. Stability of water dependant emergent species in this zone varies annually. In general a healthy stand of bulrush was devastated by the drought in 2000 but is now recovering. Duringthe 2004 survey the survival rate of willows is high and many population are spreading. The dominant cover consists of over 85% desirable native species, planted and volunteer. The numbers from the original planting are not included in the analysis of this zone, as several hundred sedges and rushes from the original planting did not survive the first year. 4.0 Restoration Overview Monitoring reports have been submitted annually to the City of Port Townsend from 1998 to 2004 for the Froggy Bottoms, San Juan Retention Basin Project. Below is an overview of results from these reports. 4.1 Results of Goals and Objectives 4.1.1 Habitat and Witdlife Enhancement The overall restoration project has created a diversity of plant communities and structural layers, providing food sources and nesting and perching sites for wildlife. Seeds from ocean spray, hawthorn, sedges, and rushes provide food sources while the shrub layer now provides shelter. Olympic Wetland Resources, Inc. 4 San Juan Retention Basin Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Report August 2004 The trees and woody debris provide perches and nesting sites. Over time as the trees and shrubs mature there will be greater opportunity for use by wildlife. The site is now used by numerous bird, mammal, and amphibians (deer observed grazing and bedding, mmy species of birds including killdeer nests, and chorus frogs). Large woody debris was introduced to the site in 1998. A log 2.5 feet in diameter by 35 feet in length was placed at the site in 3 separate sections. Benefits of the woody debris have not been scientifi cally determined. 4.1.2 Species Diversification Numerous species of well established trees and shrubs were counted during the2004 monitoring. Diversi$'ing the plant communities and structural layers of the site not only encourages wildlife but enhances the aesthetics of the open space. Datafrom the 2004 monitoring reveals 9 different species of trees (90 individual trees and a thicket of Pacific willows), 1 3 species of shrubs ( 143 individual plants) and 10 species of native emergents (this number includes 7 volunteer species). The site was once a waste area with few plants; the initial plant list from the 1997 delineation included no trees, 1 native shrub and 1 native herbaceous species. Most non-native invasive species are kept under control through annual weeding. The non- native weeds include Scots Broom, Himalayan blackberry, hemlock, and curly dock (a non- native known to be a food source for birds, Ron Sikes, Audubon Society). 4.1.3 Community Education and Involvement An interpretive area with a sign indicating the functions and values of wetlands was installed under a kiosk during the early phases of this project. Many informal foot and bicycle trails have been established thought the site and the open space is used by the neighborhood as well as the Blue Heron Middle School. Passage through Froggy Bottoms connects several of the trail systems recently established within the City of Port Townsend. Other passive benefits of the project include the filtration, water quality improvement, and storage of seasonal stormwater. 4.2 Revegetation Problems 4.2.lYandalism During the early stages of this revegetation project vandalism of newly planted trees and shrubs was a problem. Within weeks of planting several of the trees were pulled up and were floating in the pond. Aspen, hawthorn, and twinberry were found uprooted. 4.2.2 Weeds Originally this site consisted of non-native weedy species, therefore there was a large bank of weed seeds ready to colonize newly disturbed soils even though a seed mix of natives was also applied. During the first 3 years small shrubs were often inundated with weeds. The young plants were not visible and therefore did not get weeded or watered. Early attempts to use non- professional volunteer labor fiuvenile detention work crews) to maintain the site were unsuccessful. Weed-eaters caused damage or often completely removed young trees and shrubs. Olympic Wetland Resources, Inc. 5 San Juan Retention Basin Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Report August 2004 By the year 2000 major areas of Himalayan blackberry were removed and the site was weeded professionally. The City of Port Townsend maintenance crews conducted perimeter weeding but in 2001 the weeds once again covered the planted species. From 2002 to 2004 a private contractor and the City Road Crews have carefully weeded the site twice ayear. The individual plants that remain are thriving. 4.2.3 lrrigation System The installation of the inigation system was responsible for the disturbance and mortality of many of the planted species. The majority of the pipe was buried but the above-ground lines were frequently vandalized. The system, with automatic timers, was installed in 1998 and completed In 1999. The water system required only a minimal amount of maintenance but this was during a time when the City was short on staff and the system was often not activated until mid to late August. Its use was discontinued in 2000. 4.2.4 Natural Hydrology Fluctuations Hydrology has fluctuated significantly since the construction of the San Juan Retention Basin. Rain levels were above normal in 1998, following four previous years of above average normal rainfall (18.4") and many of the species planted near the water's edge could not tolerate constant inundation. Between 1998 and mid-summer 2000, ponded water was present in the majority of the low-lying areas (approximately 100 X 100 feet). In 2001 no water was present, soils were baked and cracked, established wetland-dependant vegetation was stressed, and weedy species were spreading. Many well-established robust red-osier dogwoods and ninebark died in 2000 due to the drought. Ponded water was present once again during the 2002 monitoring season but evaporated in early August. During the 2003 and2004 monitoring, minimal surface saturation was present yet the wetland plant community appears healthy. The rain graph below indicates the variability of annual rainfall. Port Townsend Rainfall 1983 to 2003 lnches I RAINFALL s# sf .C *st ."Eo pd' {d' gS eE T C Avemge Rainfall for Port Townsend 18.4"source Herb Hedngton Official Wealher Observer Olympic Wetland Resources, Inc. 6 San Juan Retention Basin Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Repoft August 2004 4.2.5 Animal and Insect Damage Deer grazing has been a major factor of mortality of selected species. All the maples (vine and big leaf), mountain ash, and serviceberry have been damaged or eliminated by grazing. Soon after the project was complete, seagulls began perching on roofs of neighboring homes. The birds were congregating in large numbers and the roofs were white with excrement. As the vegetation has filled in the pond this is no longer a problem. Sitka spruce trees, which thrived for 5 to 6 years were all killed by the Spruce spider mite (Oligonychus ununguis). 4.2,6 Additional Problems Soils stockpiled from the initial pond excavation consisted of compacted clay. Soil pits were augmented with compost prior to planting but survival rates were very poor. During the summer months these soils become hard packed and cracked. These areas are located near the outlet pipe in the eastem corner along Cedar Street and several areas along San Juan Avenue. 5.0 Recommendations and Discussion of Specific Species As with any restoration project, certain species will thrive while others may not. Native plants will eventually become adapted to a site but will require attention, like any landscape plant, to become established. Areas where native soils were not disturbed during the construction of the pond had significantly fewer invasive weeds and a higher success rate for the planted species. The topsoil was intact, soils relatively undisturbed and weed species minimal. In contrast, in the disturbed areas the clay layer was brought to the surface and was infertile and turned to hardpan when dry. It was not suitable for trees and shrubs; only a grass/legume cover should have been planted here. The seed mix for the disturbed soils included Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and Sickle keel lupine (Lupinus albicaulis). Although these plants contribute nitrogen to the soil they also tend to cover any planted species. Future seed mixes should substitute less aggressive legume species or use them only for enriching the soil for future plantings. Native and planted populations of rose, snowberry, and several of the emergents are spreading by rhizomes. Red cedars don't like full sun and recent studies show that they will do better when planted in a succession planting, possibly when a hybrid cottonwood can provide shade. Planting tubes, also called open-end enclosures, are used on numerous revegetation projects. They not only protect the newly planted species from wildlife and weed-eaters but it is easier to locate the plants for watering. If an inigation system is to be installed it should be done prior to any planting and the maintenance for the system should be included in the budget. Future planning for Froggy Bottoms could include the improvement of the interpretive area with additional plantings and trail markers, thereby connecting the site to existing public trails system. Olympic Wetland Resources, Inc. 7 San Juan Retention Basin Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Report August 2004 6.0 Summary Performance standards outlined in the original plan require a cover of 85%o desirable species with less than I5Yo weed species, that trees dominate the site, and that shrub species survivorship is 80o/o or greater 5 years after final planting (2004). The revegetation site is diverse and within eachzone the plant cover is varied. Maintenance of the site is now conducted professionally bi- annually and the majority of the weedy species are eliminated. The performance standards are therefore met with a greater thanS5Yo cover of desirable species. Survival rates were calculated in two ways: the first compares the number of live plants present in2004 to the total numbers planted in 1998, the second compares the long term survival rates comparing number of plants surviving after 3 years (2000) with the2004 count. Monitoring for 2004 reveals a high success rate for trees, with a 72% (84% long term) survival rate (many species died due to drought and grazingbut the Pacific willow far exceeds numbers planted due to natural colonization). The survival rate for shrubs is 34o/o (96% long term) when counting individual plants surviving. The mortality rate in shrubs was especially high after the initial planting due to weed-eater damage, drought, weed cover, and grazing. The remaining shrub population is well established and healthy. The survival rate for emergent species is excellent: over 10002 due to spreading populations. In summary, a site that once was a waste area with no trees now has 9 different species of trees (90 individual trees and athicket of Pacific willows), 13 species of shrubs (143 individual plants) and atleast 10 native emergents (3 species planted andT native volunteers). The low-lying areas filter and accumulate stormwater for Basin 6 during the winter months. Froggy Bottoms is actively used by local schools and neighbors and this open space is part of the trail system within the City of Port Townsend. Dixie Llewellin Principal Biologist, Olympic Wetland Resources, Inc Certified for Wetland Delineation, 1987 Manual. Wetland Training Institute, June 1995. Olyrnpic Wetland Resources, Inc. 8 San Juan Retention Basin Wetland Revegetation Monitoring Report August 2004 a o Figwes Appendix L Monitoring Zones and PhotoPoints II. Forest Monitoring Form m. Scrub/Shrub Monitoring Form [V. Emergent Monitoring Form V. PhotoPoints #1,#2, and #3 \tr. PhotoPoints #4,#5, and #6 \trI. Clrronology 1997 ttrough 20A4 J Figure l. Froggy Bottoms, Son Juon Retenlion Bosin, Wetlond Revegetotion Proiect Monitoring Zones qnd Photopoints July 2004 #5CE Photopoint #l+a EOA& ASPFd Tone #a ovERYTOW (wooov Zone #4 POTlD (* . lD6WOnD ( EITI.ER CHT,AG! Photopoint #5 I :- i --"'cr Photopoint #4 !1'LEY tr-r. r. ii-' lrJfa LLJ T 5F,Z <n I0034l,100 llloniloring Zones Ione #l As*n/ilinbsttl lom #2 Spruto/Plne/fu tnnt Ione #3 lYlllor/Doqrood/Eldrfu rry Iono #4 &k/0b*mtlon Aroo lono #5 Emergont rnd hnd Pholopoinls#l fosiViev From Goroge #2 EostYisr, SsltltnU hnd*t #4 #5#6 Area Photopoinl #2 Zone #5 BAPJ{ Zone #2 HAT IVE ffie Emergent Zone Photopoint-:i\rywz, Tane #3 Photopoint #3 Figure l. Figure II.ForestFinal Froggy Bottoms Vegetation Monitoring FormObserver: D.Llewellin, Olympic Wetland Resources, Inc.Date: June 280 2004$alolcgU)c)Fb!oj€o\oFalrQtEo\o\occeoq)I94999999--otclalNN=oq)o)ooo)Y>>>gLLLLLLL>=a?at0l999a?La0ooqoa0st!!t!rt=AAAA'.avvvvvvv:6 ft ft tt :tE ft :6 :+t sCommentsPlanted Common Name Species NameWetland HabitatsUHabitatsPrairie Grassland4ltUt998Garry oakQuercus parryanaTotals: Average Survival Rate of Species PlantedTotals Long Term Survival Rates (Comparing 2000 with 2004)Figure II.3t7n9984/tt/1998rt/t/t997t013Ut9996lt2lt9984/tt/19984/17119993/7n998t0/31/1999Red cedarPacific willowQuaking aspenCottonwoodShore pineSitka spruceOregon ashHawthomBig-leaf mapleThuia plicataSalix lucidaPopulus tremuloidesPopulus balsamiferaPinus contortaPicea sitchensisFrminus latifoliaCrataegus douslasiiAcer macrophyllum1550225I710915aJ1010022N/A410N/AIJN/AII30018517109I5JI0300175I6I0915J115018517I09I4II0>300185l789I4I123001582079I5It1>3001542009l5073%300%68%80%tt8%0%100%l00Yo0%tt0%300%88%80%125%0%rc0%t00%0%Healthy and well establishedTurning into a hedgeSeveral very healthy treesLarge trees to25 feetSeveral extras planted in 2003All have succumb to spruce miteVery healthy and establishedSeriously infested with tent caterpillarsAbsent4lt7lt9996/t2/19984nt/1998Mountain ashDouglas FirService-berrySorbus scopulinaPseudotsuga menzesiiAmelanchier alnifolia620I0N/A6666I661611141J022020500%25%0%0%83%0%AbsentSpecimens not very healthyAbsentI515l1II1Ill101173%r00%Well established and healthy72o/o840/o Figure III.Scrub-Shrub CoverPlanted Common NameTVetland HabitatsFinal Froggy Bottoms Vegetation Monitoring FormDate: June 28,2004Species Name34"aOJFrEOFlc)€a€o\ori.t (') $--t\GIFFF=9 9 g g 5 5 5ui.ii.iPPP=22?zAAV-66665C5It lt :lt :* :* :fr :lt 1lCommentsUHabitatsTotals: Average Survival Rate of Species PlantedTotals: Long Term Survival Rates (Comparing 2000 with 2004)Figure III.4lrUt9984tLtlt9984tLLn9983/7119984lrU1998317119984/IIl1998HardhackHooker willowSalmonberryNootka rosePacific ninebarkBlack twinberryRed-osier dogwoodSpiraea douglasiiSalix hookeriana/snp.Rubus spectabilisRosa nutleanaPhysocarpus capitatusLonicera involucrataCornus sericea303025153040652t10T7I2224I830I0205281524301020I028I524I510115281724I5102I530187215100I5302tl0I5l0118302375OVo33Yo4Y"lzUYol00Yo58YollYo5UYrIOOYI5Yo180%l07Vol53Yo29VoSurviving but not spreadingRobust andbecoming large shrubsOne healthyplantSpecies spreadingLarge shrubs, very well establishedIndividual plant thrivingSite may be too dry for this plant4/Lu19987/15/t9984lrU19986/12/19984/11/19984/Iu19984ltut9984/r7119994lr7l19996lr2l1998Buffalo berryElderberryRed-flowering curanIndian-plumOcean-sprayHazelnutSnowbushSika aldersVine mapleSnowberrySymphoricarpos albusSheperdia canqdensisSambucus racemosaRibes sanquineumOemleria cerasiformisHolodiscus discolorCorylus cormttaCeanotlrus velutinusAlnus sitchensisAcer circinatum35aJ2820202020l05159108I1700Jl0I58I67105915227JJ1I-JI6I5I4742702481467802II0I45677000I0037613600029VrOYoll%o3sYo3UYo65Yo30%OYo0Y"lYo67%oo$AYoIOOVI2O0Vo433Ya5501"oojYrOYoShrubs healthy, often removed by weed eaterAbsentStrugeline on dry slopeStable populationWell establishedShrubs healthySweral very healthy shrubsAbsentAbsentAbsent96" Figure IV.Emergent CoverFinal Froggy Bottoms Vegetation Monitoring FormDate: June, 28,2004Species Nameq)Lq)tt)6€LOs= = n = = N ce. --=€\a\o-= = F i( R R Rxo6)0)oxxv€E E i E 3 3 3'i'ior6)o)crnn-ii44 4 4 g e'JIfI:6 o o o o - 5 -+t lt :* :$ :fr :+E + :sq)FrICommentsCommon NameWetland HabitatNativethat were notthe siteSurival rate high due to spreading populations.Wetland dependant plants in the emergent zone change as hydrology changes.Figure IV.t997r9971998199719971,997t997Small-fruited bulrushHardstem bulrushWater-parsleyBaltic rushTapered rushSawbeak sedgeSlough sedgeScirpus microcarpusScirpus acutusOenanthe sarmentosoJuncus balticusJuncus acuminatusCarex stipataCarex obnupta100503050303060050I00000850010000>2000050000200005006006000050000>60000300000>60000000>l00YoNever survivedVery healthy plant communityNever survivedNever survivedNot observedNever survivedNever survived20042004t9991999r99919992000Water foxtailSeacoast bulrushMarsh cinquefoilField mintDechampsia cespitosaCreeping spikerushCattailAlope curus genicul atusScirpus maritimusPotentilla palustrisMentha arvensisTufted hiargrassEleocharis palustrisTwha latifolia2006010>50060>100>500205006050050010060060500500100>600>300>500>500100>600>300>500>200>500>50025nlan/an/anJanlanlanlaLow lying ground coverGreat native species for wetlandsGrowing in wet areasNew native on siteEstablished on siteAbundant ground coverDoes not appear to be spreading Figure V.Pholopoinl #lEo$ View From 0orogeEmergent ZonePocific Willow Hedgeftir3'-' ''T:r*mil+i_Froggy Bottoms Photopoints #l , #2,& #3 June 2004.rt,'..ij]1lillWPhotoooint #2Eo$Yierv,Settling Pondeiure v.Pholopoiil #3 l{o@gw, Woler lleter #5 Figure Vl.Froggy Bottoms Photopoinls #4, #5 snd #6 June 2004 Photoooint #4 We$View Biofihrotion Swole Dense ond Tree Loyer on Eo$em Edge olWetlond Photoooinl # 5 We$View lnterpretive Areo Photopoint Woter # 6 South Yiew Metet #l 0lympic Wetlond Resounes, Inc Figure Vl. ) Figure VII. Froggy Bottoms Chronology 1997 to 2044 1997 October 11 Planted grass seed, red fescue, hairgrass, bentgmss, clovero vetclr, and lupine October 22 Planted emergents, 75 Carex obnupt4 40 C. stipata, 75 Water parsley, 40 Scirpus acutus, 150 S. microcarpos, 40 Juncus balticus,40 J. ensifolius, 75 Cornus stolonifera, 40 Salix sitichensis October 23 Planted Regreen (a grass seed mix) October 30 Planted annual wildflowers (Flanders poppy, scarlet flar<, wallflower) November I Transplanted 35 aspen from airport 1998 March 7 April ll Planted 10 Cedar, 15 Nootka Rose, 15 Hawthow 40 Twinberry Planted 30 Ninebark,25 Red'osier dogwood, 15 Salmonberry, 15 Spirea, 15 Oak, 10 Spruce, 10 Hazelnut, 10 Oceanspray, 10 Indian Plum, 20 Snowberry, 10 Serviceberry, 20 Elderberry, I Manzanta lvlay 6112 Watered and weeded June 10 lrrigation and water tap installed June 12 4 Shore Pine, I Fir, 3 Maple, 8 Current, 13 Spirea, 15 Salmonbrr)' In pots at caprllary beds not planted; Ptne,2 Douglas frr, 12 Current, 3 Maple, 5 Salmonberry, 2 Spirea June 15 Salvaged plants from CT pipeline to site:16 Douglas fir, I Buffalo berry (survival rate very low due to time ofyear for transplant and large size oftrees) June 16 Irrigation faucets working August Watering begins every other week August 31 Vegetation monitoring October 31 Volunteer planting November 13 Volunteers planted 300 hardstem bulrustr, 50 slough sedge. November 20 Volunteers planted 50 slough sedge, 200 small fruited bulrush, 150 baltic rush 1999 April lT Volunteers weeded throughout 1999 2000 Minimal maintenance on site, irrigation system used after August 2000. Site mowed and large blackberry patch cut by Resource Renewal in July 2000 2001 No irrigation" ctty mowers mowed blackberry patch andZone 4, juvenile road crew workers did weeding along San Juan and Cedar Avenueo drought conditions throughout site 2042 March Trees planted by Ron Sikes and volunteers (7 Red cedar, 53 Douglas frr,70 Shore pine, 30 Grand frr,12 Salmonberry, 3l Cottonwood) No irrigation or maintenance 2003 June Site mowed by Resource Renewal in June,no irrigation planned ) Planted 1l Oregon ash, 12 Shore pine, I Douglas fir, 6 Mountain ash, 5 Sitka alders, 20 Snowbush" 43 Red-osier dogwood, 13 Hazelnut, 8 Hawthorn,19 Ocean-spra5 9 Western crabapple, 5 Wax myrtle, 10 Indian-phaq24 Pacific ninebark, 20 Nootka rose, 8 Elderberry, 9 Hardhack,24 Snowberry 2404 May Site mowed by Resource Renewal, Major infestation of tent catipillars on Hawthorns