HomeMy WebLinkAbout1995.10.09 - Boat Haven Wetlands Monitoring ProjectI t
fostn
Port of port TownsendBoat Haven Weflands
t .}*ra nd :r1
uJe*1ara;Aa C4 Usrnf)
October g,lggs
?\ Prepared for:
?*eio,"l"mT,
prepared by:
"*ro#,?:Xffi warerOlympia, WA
Poug Swanson
"Jfifi',"#i.'
'*,1lTf .f,t"l,"*,
ueattle, IVA
{vuer?
Table ofc
Chapter 1
Executive Summary
ffi"br" Monitoring Report (pacific Rim Soil & water)
Chapter 3
wildlife Monitoring Report (swan Resources)
ffi, Monitoring Report (sheldon & Associates)
Attachment: 1":100' scale black and white aerial photo
;;r"tt"g Points/transects
displaY of Project area and
=L
h Chaoter Itxecutive Summary
ATERAcrFIc Rrnr Sorl &Lsl Per,.lzzr
203 For-rnrrr Ave\ue EA'sr Suns 321"""' -"o""w^, \ilesHnvcroN 9850!
Votcn: (360) 534-0346
nu: (reo) 534-w27
Dale Bonar
c/o Port of Port Townsend
P.O. Box 1180
Port Townsend, WA 98368
Report File Number:
Report Subject:
Location:
delineation.
October 4,1995
M95-0090
Wetland monitoring rePort
Site is at the eoutf,u;;;r"n orn91]ownsend facilities within
the City limits,loc#J;-thi;;t Sw 1/4 of Section 10' Tlwnshin
30N, Range 1W.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
port of port ro*orloo"ioi;il""*l\alands Monitoring tti"tt
.
previous reports about this site ,rr"tid. a wetrands delineation report (P93-0091' dated
September ro, rqgli;J* rnA3r. I ;.*; 1rt'r,stoOi., dated March 13' 1995)' The
purpose of tni, *poitlri;LrrtiU, ,h" ;;uit' of a nine *atft *ttfand monitoring process that
was carried out between November rq% ;Jlune 1995 in uotrr wetlands described in the
previous repofts. prease refer to ,h" J#ffi; ;;;;Ji #;rmatioq on the ear'er wetrand
.
* rne basic scope of work for the wetlands monitoring p-roject was as follows:'
$ 1) The *"u*o hydrolory *""rJu. *""i "*!r-t'"it. daily for arPeriod of ninemonths
? using a datalosser. Th" d;;;;r; ;;lF.O" Oo-*nio"Jta ana checked periodicallv bv a
: trained netO teCtrniriuo. nfliiu *oofO tn* Ut sent to the soil hydro'logisl for
. assessment te per season in the fall and spring and
ffi*:"ffi:3,:ffi.'ffJl*i"fiH#;'ubecarried;ff;Ju*i
and once in the winter. rn" i""irrri.g *"dfi;;ed out by a wildrife.biologist'
purpose
t .\u ?^&t-t-i-i\
' $r p'rr';-h &f'*'g)r-? !
d
The soil hydrologist and monitoring team manager was Lisa pTrazzi(ARCpACS certified so'sspecialist) of Pacific Rim soil a frut.1. rr,. uJgrtutioi monjtori"g;;;;ed.out by peshaKlein (wetland botanist) of sheldon & Arso.iatei rr,. *rohf. ;;;;; -* carried out byDoug Swanson (wildrife bidd;j;is*un n"ro*"r. "rlqtlre monrtoring l
Each of the scientists,listed above pro:l1ed a separate report. Those sub-reports are provided as:trl"Tr|,}:ffi;A*t report' lt it i".o.mended to reibr to the individuaichapter reports for
involvement.
the Boat Haven along the railroad tracks, but the ma;onty appears to be subsurface flow fromWetland #l and other areas to the north and west
OVERVIEW @tr,-Batcl'r")The site contains two isolated wetlands. The first one (wetland #l) is located near thecomer of the site and appears to be fed primarily by poor quality stormwater run offfrom Sims
northern
Way and some portions ofthe port properry. The second wetland (Wetland #2) is located to thesouth,sandwiched between the railroad tracks.and a dirt access road that
the southwest corner of
bisects the site from ..I.! ';jo rI
NE to SW. Some ofthe water feeding this wetland system drains from tF
jr., .
Please refer to the attached aerial photo.for a display of the approximateLuana boundaries aswell as locations ofthe various *Jrii"ri"g stations or transects.
gyqrotog Monttodsg
Hydrology of both wetlands
showing slightly slower and
was driven mostly by rainfall events, but with Wetland 2 generallyIower (less elevation change)The hydrology in Wetlandresponses2 is also affected by subsurface drainage from Wetland I -- Le., water table peaks were recordedmWetland 2 twoto four days after recorded peaks in Wetland.l on more than one occasion.The water table connection between the two wetlands was verified by a series of auger holes.The average watertable elevation during the winter and early spring in Wetland I was 9.6 feet;in Wetland 2 was 7.6 feet
overall' wetland I fluctuates'more than wetland 2 in respglse to storm events. That may bedue to greater volumes of i"flo;' ;;;-mav arso reflect tt ui warun;tl;;;;.iderabry rarger, sobetter abre to hancrre targe rrolumeslrirrno* *i;G;;tuation. The larpnatural buffers to wateriabre n"ctuatign *;;;;"r" wlu*.i'i.'ffi:ffi:,Hlilrltr#H.one noni)oint source of inflow - a drainag" ruriu""-triow at the northileno; a pipe inflow atthe southern en4 and subsurface iiilr from wetl;Jl 1-ss the norrhwestern edgerespectivelv' How3yel neither system experiencer t; flucfuations. wetrand l fluctuatedbetween 10'4 and g:u^ft* td*h;;; most of the *-ot", urro "tr{ lpring. wetrand 2 fluctuated3lil"ft:"t;T,l;3;"$T:ii*Hj;" nme period.-il;;" are rairry,nil-o."r,*g", i.,
Storm events with magnitude of less than 0.2 inches generally did not cause great changes in the
water table elevation in either wetland, unless they persisted for several days in a row. Sittgl"
storm events of 0.3-0,4 inches or greater generally caused the water table in Wetland l.to riie
about 4-7 inches within 24 hours, andthe watertable in Wetland 2 to rise about l-2 inches
within 24 hours. However, the water table in Wetland 2 might continue to rise for a day or two
after the event while the water table in Wetland I dropped. This again indicates a subsurface
connection between the two wetlands.
Despite the fact that the tides just on the other side of the railroad berm were at times several
inches higfrer and several feet lower that the water tables in both wetlands, there were no
significant water table elevation changes that would indicate that tides had any great influence
on the hydrolory of either wetland. This makes sense as the vegetation was typical of a fresh-
water rather than an estuarine system.
Hydrolo gy Recommendations
The greatest problem associated with the hydrology of either wetland is more related to water
quality than quantity. Neither wetland fluctuates extremely in response to current storm events.However, that may changb if more water is sent to either system. Any efforts that could be madeto improve the quality ofthe point source water on either system would probably improve bothwetlands in terms of habitat values at least. However, it should always be kept in mind that
wetlands require some nutrient input from upslope ecosystems. The intent with water qualrty
improvement efforts itr this particular location should not be to create drinking water qualitf
runoff, but rather to remove the excess sediments and associated loads of heaiy metals. I
Because the two wetland water level elevations are quite different - about 2 feet- a futwe
surface connection.between the two systems may result in drainage of Wetland l. At this point,
the road and the fill betqreen the two systems functions somewhat as a dam, keeping the water
.
level higher in Wetland l. For that reason, simply merging the systems is unlikely ti be
successful as it will likely result in the loss of some wetland functions in the higher elevation
system.
Wildlife Monitoring
The two wetlands and adjacent upland areas provide habitat for a large number of bird species(56) and several species of mammals (9) adapted to wban and subwban environments.l The
different characteristics of the two wetlands, open watei at Wetland 2 and adjacent forest at
Wetland I, provide much greater diversity than either wetland alone. Amphibian use was lower
than expected with several conunon species not observed at the site. The reasons for the low of
use by amphibians were not identified.
The larger size of Wetland 2 along with its open water component provides better habitat for
marsh associated species than does Wetland 1. This was shown by both the greater number of
wetland-dependent species.and the much larger numbers of breeding pairs, especially red-
winged blackbird nesting territories, at Wefland 2. The proximity of Wetland-2 to the marine
shoreline also makes it readily accessible as a refuge in inclement weather forbirds wintering in
t-
the adjacent marine waters' As shown in the results secfion, wetland t has greater utility forforest associated species, due to the presence of this habitat type along the edge of the wetland.
Each of the wetlands have unique features that provide suitable habitats for different sets ofspecies' Both wetlands providi rich feedin; rd;;;;s,-*1 for many more bird species thanuse them as breeding and nesting sites. sites with abunLnt food sources, like these twoljlltllfi;?ll;3f*t stopping points ror.is'il;li'ds as wen ", rbil; residents and
lVildlife Recommendations
A larger interconnected;;land would provide better habitat than the two smaller wetlands now'presently on the site' Animal species,-including ui.i., nur" minimum territory sizes, thatgenerally increase with increasing body tir". Cortii"g rtrr t*o *ti*o-rlnro u rarger wetrandwould provide habitats for species whose minimum terriiory size is larger than either of thecurrent wetlands' Planting the adjacent upland ur.u, *iit native tr.", irro ,trrrus would increasethe structural complexity ortne site and pi""ia. irlir", r", additional wildlife species.
The habitat would be enhanced by eliminating vehicle traffic in the site. The dirt road betweenthe wetlands could be eradicateo and the roaJblocteo to prevent automobile access. A gravelparking area could be constructed to accommodate access to the site. Blocking the road wouldalso reduce ths drrmping now occurring in some areas ofthe wetland.
@The vegetation baseline monitoring did not shorv a strong seasonal trend (falusummer) in thewetlands' A total of 39 species (3iemergent *oi **bs) were .nroun arrd at both wetrands.of these 39 species, 6 would be considetJa *u*i".loorir and are likely to expand as a result ofclearing or other activities that expose bare roil ,urar"r.
Emergent communities were dominant in both wetlands.- shrub species are a minor componentof both wetlands, and tend to occur ulgng the edges. go,lt wetlands are species rich. Hard-stemmed bulrush -- a dominant in both wetlanoi- rtua Ji"a back by ialilrt""gr, provided asmuch cover dead as alive' Bulrush was the ao-in*t rp"cies in w"tmi r uaa a codominant inwetland 2 with rush species--The open water ponds in wetland z are too o""p ro supportemergent plants' However, ifthe *it.t levels crop u"io* 3 feet, bulrush *ouro be expected tovegetate those areas.
Ve getation Recommendafi ons
It is recommended that the reed canarygrass population in wetland I be monitored annually todetermine if this invasive tp""i"t it "ontiooirgio rp*"a-. Hand removat oittre entire plant andrhizomes may be nec€ssary on an ongoing basls to i"iriiir" it, "r*rou"i-* oo other nativespecies' If soils are disturbed, the t"Ja "iturygr*r ffi;hb fikery to colonize the disturbedareas and spread further' rt.does not provid"ii"
"ou", oi water quality benefits of the othernative plants present so is an undesirable species.
water TabreMonitori* fficific Rim soil & water)
Port of Port Townsend
Wetland Hydrology Monitoring
Preparedfor:
Port ofPort Townsend
Port Townsen4 WA
Prepared by:
LisaPalazzi
Pacific Rim Soil & Water
Olympia, WA
Pa.crrrc Rrnn Sorr,& Warpn
f'"'
203 FounrH AwNur Ji:irH;ff
Or,yurr4, WesHwcror.I 9g501
Vorcr: 1Zn1SS+_OU|
Fhx (360) $4:-9027
Dale Bonar
Port ofport Townsend
P.O. Box t 180
Port Townsend; WA 9g36g
Report File Number:
Report Subject:
Location:
METEODS
M95-0090 October 4,lggs
SVdrology monitoring reportSite at the south *o g'1'trBoat Ha''.n.- fort of port Townsendfacirities, within the city limrir, r"r"i"a within the sw l/4 0fSection 10, Township 30N, R;;;jfi
INTRODUCTION
wetland hydrolof,was monitored in two wetlands rocated south ofthe port ofport Townsend;::'#llff nTff and boat y;;;, Novembei il,-iig+1toousr, il;A rees. Hydrorogy,o'"pu''J;;;;;i;1''.il1i1?'if; :i::;;:*:r_:r*u[1#:ffij:darawas
@ryOne water taUte -ffi.rinc rro+^ r^ ^^^-il;;;ilffi;.'JiiiFfttr$"i?:'fl :ff $'#'ll,ill"ill,ffi1ffiHt,T"Ffr ;frli",0"probe was we* Ttre wL-40 i-t " t#pr";F:rffdt#]r"-oroou*ed monitoring system thatstores depth to water table data,h"#" rater be o"*rTligi t"i H.-*[n*iitt*a cHp) hanaItfl'ffHin fff:lg;?L,:*#' ffi ffi::l i" ;;;;,"",.*,," or the water
The wL-40 measures water table by samplingcapacitancer arong a probe within a srotted pVcwell casing The probe r*;;;;: *u,o,.ur" iil;tuu;"s of up to 40 inches and wasprogrammed to read water levels *i;" daily at 8 a;ffi; pm. At ttrat sampting period rate, the
*r-"*6:nlffiiqp46'f;:H*,hxt1l##feoferectriciqr, consistingofhfoconducrors
*na*'fffiffi; Sil5ili"*frTg**F:tJ:i#:?* *na,,",o," 1s trre potentiar difference berween the
Page I
probe could be left in place without downloading for up to 256 days before the memory banksare full and neri'data would begrn to write onrt ihr topof the oldest data. However, to avoidany data loss either from over-write or from equipment malfunction, the data were downloadedand the dataloggers checked about once a month by a Port employee. The dovynload was carriedout via an infra-req_dut" transfer port using a pre-program."d Hp calculator unit *caus;;'
dala remain in the field probe after the download, there is no danger of data loss from a baddownload procedure. Furthermore, the Hp is programmed to noti-S, the downloader with anerror message if the data transfer was not successfirl.
{!er each dataloggerdownloa4 the FIP with the data encrypted within was taken back to theoffice and subsequently downloaded to one of the Port computers. Software provided by theprobe manufacfurer was used to de-encrypt the data, converting it to column format, with each,set of downloaded data identified by a *iqur probe idenfificattn;ph;;;eric code.'Theresultant r-aw data was then loaded into various spreadsheet and grap-hics software to enablecreation of graphics and simple statistical calculations.
Precipitation Monitoring
An All-Weather deluxS cylindrical plastic rain gauge was installed on a high post near the port
facility maintenance shop directly adjacent to the rtoay area. Rain collecti-ngin the gauge wasrecorded every 1-2 days throughout the duration ofthe nine month study bV ift same port
employee that performed the periodic datalogger downloads
Rainfall records were also collected from Mr. Herrington, the local NOAA volunteer weatherstation monitor- Mr. Herrington records daily temperature, rainfall and weather patterns at hishome near the uptown Post Office. That allowed us to have a back-up system for the port,s
rainfall monitoringas well as provided information about variability of precipitation patterns
across greater Port Townsend area.
Tidal Influence A.ssessmentC"t*t}'I*t.*"ft*"* tide tables for Port Townsend were created for January 1995, thenoverlain on the water table data over that same time period to determine if there was anydiscernible daily fluctuation pattern in the wetland water tables that could be attributedio tidalinfluences
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Wedaqd I Basic Hydrology
The water table in Wetland I fluctuated a total of 2.3 feet between Novemb er 22,1994 and June28, lgg5- The maximum water table elevation was l0-4 feet (recorded. i" f*r-f"i*"ilminimum 8.1 (recorded throughout late June), with an uo.rug" "f t;f.;;.-il srrould be notedthat the winter rains had already started by the time the probes were installed in tut.t No,,r"o,i"r.As a result' the first data reading showed a watertable of about l0 feet - a couple of feet higherthan the water table elevation observed earlier in the season. Prior to the rains, the water tadle inWetland I was at a similar elevation as was recorded at the end of the monitoring period in late
PageZ
June -- about 8.1 feet. Please refer to the attached graphics in Appendix tr for details.
From November 22 through March 31 - winter and early spring - the water table ranged only
between 10.4 and 9.1 feet with an average of 9.6 feet. The mar,imum fluctuation - from 9.1 to
10.4 feet occurred during mid tolate March following some extended spring storms. However,during most of the winter and spring, the water table fluctua.ted between about 9.3 and 9.9 feet --
i.e. the average water table fluctuation between storms generally was about 7 inches.
Wetland t hydrolory is run almost exclusively by stormwater runoffevents. Rain that collects
on the surface of Sims Way and adjacent streets in the basin west of the wetlands drains directly
to the northern end of Wetiand l. itt tn" past, that drainage jumped the curb on the east side of
Sirns Way and cut a deep gully in the hillside down to a smil swale that then drained into,the
northern end ofthe wetland. That gully andthe associated drainage channel have since been
enhanced to minimize erosion and improve water quality priorto draining into the wetland. In
either case, the storm drainage from Sims Way is the primary water source for Wetland l.
There was a small seep associated with a leaking water pipe in the hillside near the southwest
corner of the wetland that contributed some minor water volumes to the wetland. The leak in
the pipe was repaired, so the seep no longer contributes to the wetland hydrology. However, noreal reduction in wetland area is anticipated from that repair
Wetland 2 Basic Hydrology
The water table in Wetland 2 fluctuated a total of 1.4 feet between Novemb er 22,1994 and June28, 1995- The maximum water table elevation was just under I feet (recorded in late Decemberl99$; the minimum 6.6 feet (recorded in early June), with an average of 7.3 feet. During thewinter and early spring (From November 22 through March 31), the water table ranged bitrveenjust under 8 feet toV.2 feet with an average of 7.6 feet. The maximum fluctuation -- fro,,, about
7.2 to 7.8 feet occurred during mid tq late March - the same time period as the maximum'fluctuation in Wetland I - following extended spring storms. However, unlike Wetland l, that.was not the seasonal maximum water table elevation. Please refer to the attached graphics inAppendix tr for details.
The Wetland 2 hydrology is affected both by direct runoffand subswface flow. Runoffdrains
directly into the northern end of the wetland from a swale running along the west side of therailroad tracks. The swale carries runofffrom the adjacent Port properties. Runoffdrains
directly into the southern end of the wetland from a large pipe tfrat nrns down the western bluff,then tmderground, draining from the end of the pipe into rhJ wetland within 50 fbet of thesouthern end. The exact source ofthe drainpipe runoffis unknown, but is thoug(iAost likely tobe collected from the subdivision on top of the bluff
The subsurface contribution ftom Wetland I is a seemingly constant lateral flowthrough theextremely gravelly and sandy fill soils between the wetlands. A subsurface water tablJconnecting the two systems was observed via a series of auger holes. The wateituUf" rfop"s and
t/
Page 3
,f,,JilTffiwetrand 2 - recall that the two wetlands have about a two foot difference in water
Page 4
F
,,i;i*:*,H,,ffiintrffibt
fiy$lill;#: j*:strT"ss jfr*ll"ffi r*lti*l;"j:sT3ii'iJ"frill;
overa*, wetland 1 fluctuate: oroT than wetland] in ysnonse to storm events' That may be
duetog,"ot",.,or,l,#.oii'no*,*i,rtil#il#ili,1ttr1q1'd':#Jll"J'll!i'lif'l#tffi;;;;dto handle laree v-olYmls 1:1*JSff*5,B#HH *
the southern *ol"i '"us'rrace
t{f"::Sl{llt#"m;;;;;; wetrand 1 nuctuated
respectively. tr"tit"*, nqitlttt sYstem experiences grei wetland 2 fluctuated
between,oouoJi;iil;h'"r6*If*ii:1i"T"ff"::fJ#,ilT,?";;*'"'";il;;; io ana z'z feet over the 1me
rrr'e vwrrv-'
loip*iton to many other systems'
r. , .-^. ^^!,
storm events with magnitude orl^":'than 0'2 inches 9ff$:l1"Ti,*i:q'fi'qTi1iil'
I*Tffi'ilrT[*i{iiipi"#i.iii.{*#}i,; :
about +-z i"'n"J*itui" z4 Uo*'iii'ii""inuto-oy' ilWttrand 2 t9 rise about 1'2 inches
within z+ r,o,*. *n*ever, the.yfi;bd ; v*rl ;;;slt ;"1':::ll:il.t$ 3'*##"
afterthe "n"*'*niiltlr;;;*oU'i.
f"'Wttft"a 1 &opped' This agarntt
connection Ut*al" the two wetlands'
Despite the fact that trre lires iyst on ttre other side -ojttre
railroad berm were at tirnes several
inctesr,ien*l"iT"'J"ti":i';H::f"Xmf *:i+i[li:*:$tff#ii'#;*f
:n*"m'iq*Hi*#.'gifft ;';il;'e as'1h" ve ge'1a'fion
water ratherl
Page 6
RECOMMEN-DATIONS
The greatest problem associated with ite hydrorogy of eitfrel wetrand is more rerated to waterquality than quantity' N"itrtti *rtrr"o nrr'fu"t."Ei.rmery in .;;p";r;;luo.nt storm evenrs.However' that mav-ghange iitorr'i'uter is senti#;;; rysrem. Any efforrs that courd be madeto improve the quality 9r'rta p[i"i*1.r" water on either syst ,n ,ourd probabry improve bothwetlands in terms of habitat "i".r "1..". n"*."rr,'iirrr*rd arways f,e lept in mind thatilll*:ilff ":F"llffi Hrff tilliil,T;;#ffitr*l;fJl:*:iHff:t::r,,ryi.,,runofi but rarher to remove ,n" .o.* ..ai..ii, uirj uio"iut o loads ,rJiff*::;i;
:"H$1ffi3i;ITl?1,1#fi:ff';i:::l'oT, u,-.quite dirrerent - about 2 reet- a tuture
.and the nriu"r,'";' ry *" t;,"i. #.;"'*:##ff* orwetlandi. .itrr,i, poiiiriJ.ouo
hi gher i n wetrand I T"' 4;',l"Jl" ilrrr, ;;;;,* ffi fi"t*},ff r,i:r,rt* trn:i"J:t _it will likelv result i" 't" l"rl"ir"l"1''-*]""a r,ririi?nrlo d* higher
"t"rruiion system.
Pagel
APPENDIX I
PHOTOS
PROBE LOCATION AND SITE
FitE'F$PEh&stx.h*T tnvf,*tUsrfSXF$b- L"r{' *T-(ssR#xs
\A/Prr^&f{P s* ". lt{#sdt?ffif N&-fuxr rx.*Y*a*wxt*t {:i
APPENDD( tI
GRAPHICS
WA{ER TABL.E CHANGES IN RESPONSE TO PRECIPTTATION
a
Port of Port Townsend Wetlands ProjectWater Table: whole season1I0.59.5co(6ouJo.o(uFo(U30.4cc.9(6.lJo-'6oo-770.16.51Date\\,ltIJmd2iA"^r^i,iWetl\\IIItIWetland 1\It.Ifi\frI\i1\\\TLI/Tnlr\t\lVtI\I\\\TT*NIffitil JffiIffirfilt-,lI t\\ i\.\ r,,i'\.roIItV\\J \J\. ivtjITJIITrtI'{tllrnI--* Wetland 2 -* Wetland 1 Herrington Ppt - Port Ppt26-0ct1+MayO3.Jul
lPort of Port Townsend Wetlands ProiectWater Table Monitoring10.619.5.4co(Uotro5(uF-o(s38.5ccoct.€o-'6oL27.516.5O3-Jun08-JunDate13-Jun--*- Wetland2 -- Wetland Port PPt19-May z+MaY18Jun23-Jun28Jun
Port of Port Townsend Wetlands ProjectWater Table Monitoring10.50.610.5oc.9(6oEo-o(Uo(u3.3cco(uI=o-'6o(L70.216.51-*-- Wetland 2 ',-* Wetland 1 .{- Herington Ppt - Port Ppt{_II+Ll$'rcrz,,-"'1/\\t/\1\,\''lilAiL]^Ar/l-'ran,lr/ \A30-Nov05-DecDatelGDec25-Dec
port of Port Townsend wetlands ProiectWater Table Monitoring.619.510.570.48.5co(ttotro-o(Uo(s=.30cCo(6E.go0)o-14-Jan119Jano.20.10,,'\\AIAIt*{- Herrington PPt --*-- Wetland 2- weiland 1Port Ppt20-Dec25-Dec04-JanDate09-Jan2#Jan
Port of Port Townsend Wetlands ProjectWater Table Monitoring10.510.59.50.4ac.9(6otroE(ItFoct=8.5cco0.3 (s'a'6oo-7.516.11&FebA^I,"v\-.-.- -$Wetland 2,\I-** Herrington PPt : Port PPt*- Wetland 1*-*" Wetland 219-Jan2&)an29-Jan0&FebDate08-Feb)
Port of Port Townsend Wetlands ProiectWater Table Monitoring10.51.59.5o.4aco(solJl.9.o(dFo+tat=8.5cco(oEo-'6o(Lo.3o.2770.16.51O-MarDate1S-Marr"\t\i\AirliWetland 2I----- Wetland 2 - Wetland 1*{- Herrington PPt - Port PPt2$Mar
Port of Port Townsend Wetlands ProjectWater Table Monitoring0.610.519.4C.9(Uotr_o.ooFl-o(6=8.5.gc.90.3 E.go.oo-7.5o^10SGMar04-Apr14-Apr19'AprDateAIIlt'--'-Iiilll\Ittlf:rl^-l\l \An-r\1I-vI-** Wetland 2 _- Wetland 1*-{- Herrington PPt +'Port'PPt2SMar24-.Apr
Port of Port Townsend Wetlands ProjectWater Table Monitoring10.50.59.5Gco(Uoulo-o(uo(U3.48.cco0.3 iu.=o-'6oA.7.570.16.5---'- Wetland 2 *- Wetland 1-*- Herrington Ppt - Port PptIrWetland2il\/\l\,t19'Apr2+Apt29-Apr04-MayDate09-May14-May19'May24-May
APPENDTX ilI
GRAPHICS
PRE CIPITATION DATABASE S
Port of Port Townsend Wetlands ProiectPreciPitation Data0.60.5cco(Ur-o-'6o0-0.3o.20.114-Jan03-eb23-FebDateTTqfrltsdEIT]TqtqffilRfi€F Herrington data)l€ Port data1S-Nov25-Dec1S-Mar04-Apr24-Apr14-May
APPENDTX IV
GRAPHICS
WATERTABLE CHANGES IN RESPONSE TO TIDE FL'TJCTUATION
Tidol lmpoct on Woler Tobles
Jonl -Jsr7, 1995
9
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2 0l -Jol 02-Jo 03-Jdr
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+Porl I -tFPorl 2
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'Wildlife Monitoring Report (Swan Resources)
BOAT HAVEN WETLANDS
WILPLTTE STUDY
August 1995
Prepared for:
ThePort of Port Townsend
Port Townsend, Washington
Prepared by:
Douglas Swanson
SwanResowces'
Olympia, Washington
Swan Resources
203 4th Avenue East, Suite 321 . Olympia, Washington 98501 r Phone/Fax: (360) 357-3804
INTRODUCTION
A study of the wildlife use at the Boat Haven wetlands at the Port of Port Townsend was
conducted from October 1994 through June 1995 by Swan Resources. The study used standard
survey methods to determine the number of different wildlife species usingthe area. The study
focused on bird use of the two wetlands and also included surveys for mammals and amphibians.
The two wetlands onthe site are remnants of a larger wetland complexthat at one time was
connected to Kha Tai Lagoon.
METHODS
Bird Survevs
Bird surveys were conducted bimonthly from October 1994 to February 1995 and then monthly
through June 1995. The dates ofthe surveys were scheduled forthe last week ofthe montlr, but
the actual survey dates varied depending on the weather. Good weather with little or no rain and
calm to light winds is essential to getting accurate counts of the number of species using a site.
Inclement weather with either high winds, greater than 8 miles per hour (13 knrph), or heavy
rain, decrease bird activity and make birds more difficult to census (Robbins 1981a); Suweys
were conducted twice during each sampling period, once in the early morning and once in the
evening. The early morning period started 15 minutes after local sunrise and continued until all
of the sampling stations had been visited. The evening sessions started 2.5 hours before local
sunset. It took approximately 2 hours to complete a survey session. Bird surveys were
conducted in the early moming and early eveningto maximize the number of observations
during peak bird activity times (Robbins 1981b).
Suweys were conducted from a set of point-count stations aroundthe edge ofthe two wetlands.
Point-count stations are circular plots in which the observer stands at the center point and cotrnts
the birds observed during a fixed time interval (Reynolds et al. 1980). Wetland 1, the northerly
site had three sampling stations and Wetland 2lvdfive stations which provided overlapping
coverage ofthe entire wetland sites. The sampling interval started as soon as the observer
arrived at the station and continued for 10 minutes. During the sampling interval, the following
information was collected for all obselations of birds or other wildlife in or adjacent to the
wetland: species, time, number, se)L activity, location. Except as noted in the text, only birds
observed in or adjacent to the wetlands, or birds flying directly over the wetlands were included
in this study. Birds using the adjacent marine habitat and marine shoreline were not recorded.
Consulting Services for Wetland and Wildlife Analysis and Management
Page2
Wildlife Observations
Wildlife use, other than birds, was noted as the observer censused birds at stations and moved
between stations. In addition, the upland areas adjacent to the wetlands were searched each
month for sign of other animal use. Transects were walked and any animal sign and the species
were recoided. In February, March, and April, visits were made to the site after dark,
approximately 2 hours after local sunset, to watch for noctumal wildlife and listen for
amphibians. In addition, dip net surveys for amphibians were made in Wetlands I and 2 in
February and March
Habitat Type Map
A base habitat qrpe map was drawn from a l;2400 scale aerial photograph (l inch: 200 feet).
Habitat types used are: l) open water, 2) wetland - the delineated wetland including emergent
and shrub components, 3) wetland edge, composed of woody shrubs and small trees within 33
feet (10 m) of the wetland" 4) upland blufl 5) marine shoreline, and 6) upland shrub meadow
(Figure Wl).
RESULTS
Birds
Fourteen bird censuses were conducted between October 25,1994 and June 30, 1995. A total of
56 different bird species were observed in or adjacent to the wetlands. There were 35 species
using the wetland and adjacent wetland edge at Wetland I and 41 species in or adjacenf to
Wetland 2. Twenty-four species were common to both wetlands with the remainder being
unique to each individual wetland. Two of the 56 species, rock dove and Herring gull, were
recorded as birds flyrng over the wetlands, but not necessarily associated with or dependent on
the wetlands. Two additional species, bald eagle and pigeon guillemo! were associated with the
upland bluff. Several adult and subadult bald eagles were seen soaring along the bluffin
December. Pigeon guillemots nested in cavities on the exposed face of the bluffand were
obsewed in May and June flying to and from the nest sites. A complete list of the species and
the diskibution between the two wetlands is shown in Table Wt. The following codes are used
in Tables 1,2, and 3: X - species present in the wetland, FO - species flying over the wetland,
Bluff- other species of interest using the bluffarea.
Twenty ofthe 56 species occurred regularly during the late spring and early summer and were
considered breeding species in the vicinity of the wetlands. For this study, bird observations in
April and May were considered evidence of local breeding, although breeding may not have
occurred in the wetlands at the study site. There were 14 breeding species that occurred in both
wetlands. The breeding species common to both wetlands are: American cro% American
goldfinch, American robin, barn swallow, Bewick's wren, European starling, mallar4 purple
finch, red-winged blackbird, rufous hummingbird, rufous-sided towhee, song sparo% violet-
green swallow, and white-crowned spuurow. Wetland t had a total of 16 breeding-season
species, two of which did not occur in Wetland 2, black-capped chickadee and red-breasted
nuthatch. Wetland 2had 18 breeding-season species, four of which did not occur in Wetland l,
Page 3
belted kingfisher, great blue heron, killdeer, and Virginia rail (Tables w2 and w3). one broodof four young mallards and a hen was observed in June.
Wetland 2 usually had more species and always had more individuals than Wetland l. Wetlandt had both the lowe{ number of species, 4 in Decemb er 1994,and the highest number ofspecies, 20 in June 1995, when monthly results were pooled (Figure w2).
Mammals
Only two wild mammal species were directly observed in the wetlands. Sign of other mammalswas recorded from tracks, scat, and other sign. A muskrat was observed d;ring over one-half ofthe evening censuses from the stations along the southeast side of Wetl and2. bnly oneindividual was observed at a time and it was not possible to determine if more than oneindividual uses or resides in the wetland. Pacificjumping mouse was observed in the wet
meadow part of Wetland 2. Black-tailed deer tacks weri observed on almost every visit to thewetland, most observable during the early moming surveys before the ground was disturbed.Sign of raccoon, bobcat, and coast mole were observed arormd the wetlands. Numerousdomestic dogs were observed in and near the wetlands, mostly accompanied by people, butsometimes as lone individuals. River otter were observed on two orr*ioo. and a minke whalewere observed once in the adjacent marine waters during survey periods.
Amphibians
Dip net surveys ofthe ponded areas in wetlands I and 2 in February and March lgg5 did notyield any amphibian adults, larvae or egrgs. The evening visit in February found no amphibians.The evening visits.Ln Mq"! and April fo-und very low numbers of pacifil chorus frogs in bothwetlands. One additional observation of amphibians occurred dwing the late afternoon birdsurveys in october where one chorus frog was detected in wetland i-
DISCUSSION
Habitat Types
Wetland 1 is an emergent marsh dominated by bulrush and cauail with a wet meadow on theeast side. Standing yater was present ioF-r marsh during most ofthe survey perio4 but openwater areas are lacking. The west side of the wetland is bordered by a stuub commumtythat
extends to the upland bluff. The upland forest of the bluffmeets thl north side ofthe wetlandalong the drainage swale. The south side of the marsh is also bordered by shrubs, as is thenortheast side where blackberries and Scot's broom cover a filled *u ufth" wetland edge. Thewet meadow is bordered on the north by the fill and on the souttr by an upland shrub -"iao*.
-
wetland 2 consists of an open water area that is present year-around a large expanse ofemergent marsh dominated by bulrush, an area of wet meadow at the nortf,eastlnd and a fringeof shrubs and small trees around the edge of most of the emergent marsh. The open *ut", ir--"-dMded lnjo two parts by a narrow earth dam. The northeast p-ond is bordered oo tl" ,outf, Uy unarrow fringe of shrubs on the embankment of the railroad UeO ana on the north by a few r-utt
Page 4
trees and the wet meadow. The open water areas in the southwest part of the wetland are
bordered by bulrush with an almost continuous outer ring of shrubs and small trees. Both open
water areas have numerous floating logs used by waterfowl and other birds for resting areas.
The ring of shrubs is very narrow on the south side adjacent to the railroad and wider on the
north side, although the shrub ring is no wider than 30 feet at any point. The open water areas
in the sorlhwest part of the wetland are maintained by the feeding and shelter building activities
of the muskrat. The wet meadow is composed of grasses with a shrub community at the north
end composed mostly of wild rose.
Other Habitats
The upland bluffis a steep marine bluffapproximately 100 feet high. The southeast end is very
steep with an exposed earth face. The northerly part is not as steep and is covered with trees and
shrubs that extend down to the wetland edge. The top of the bluffis lined with houses and a
major road descends thebluffnorth of Wetland 1. The upland shrub meadow is a disturbed area
dominated by grasses, shrubs, and small trees. Some of the area has been used in the past as
pasture and much of it is former wetland that has been filled over the past 40 years. The 1953
US Geological Service topographic map for the area is based on aerial photographs taken in
1951 and shows the wetlands extending over a much larger area (USGS Port Townsend South,
Wash. 7.5 minute map).
Immediately southeast of the railroad bed that defines the edge of Wetland 2 is a narrow marine
shoreline on the edge of Port Townsend Bay. This area and the adjacent marine waters were
used by a variety of waterfowl and shorebirds including northern shovelers, surf scoters,
goldeneyes, mergansers, western sandpipers, dunlin, belted kingfisher, gulls, and great blue
heron.
Birds
The number of species found in and adjacent to the wetlands was lowest in December 1994, and
greatest in June 1995 (Figure W2). The most ubiquitous bird species duringthe surveys was the
song spano% seen during every month at both wetlands. They are year-around residents in our
area and nested in bolh wetlands. Mallards were observed in Wetland} during all survey
months. Other species observed during at least 5 of the 7 survey months in one or more of the
wetlands include: great blue heron, red-winged blackbird, American robin, American crow,
black-capped chickadee, purple finctu and European starling.
The most numerous breeding bird was red-winged blackbird with two females nesting in
Wetland I and more than a dozen nesting in Wetland 2. Red-winged blackbirds are migratory,
wintering south of our area. Red-winged blackbirds were sighted in all but ttre fuober 1994
surveys. ldales return to the breeding grounds before females and the first male was sighted
during the December 22, 1994, surveys. Other birds breeding within the wetland included
Virginia rail, fox sparrow purple finch, rufous hummingbird, and white-crowned sparrow. The
remaining species presen! during the peak breeding season, April and May, nested in the shrub
and grassland af,eas of the wetland edge, in the adjacent uplands, or at other local sites and used
Page 5
the wetlands for feeding' By the time of the last suweys at the end of June 1995, the increase inthe number of species can be atfibuted to the local molvements of other birds seeking rich. feeding areas in and adjacent to the wetlands.
Fifteen species were seen in only one of the two wetlands during only one ofthe survey months(Tables W2 and w3). Eight of these were observed in wetland 2 and z in Wetland l. The g
species observed only in Wetland 2 andthen, only once, include American wigeon, Barrow,sgoldeneye, blue-winged teal, common snipe, house wren, savannah spaxrow, sharpshinnedhawk, andyellowwar^bler. TIteT speciesnotformdinWetland zndfoundonlyonceinWetland 1 include 6 forest associated species, black-headed grosbeak, brown-headed cowbird,cedar wa<wing dark-eyed junco, Stellar's jay, and MacGilliiay,s ;;bb ,rd one urbanassociated species, house spalrow. Many of the species observed onry i*.iv in the two wetlandsare common species which would be expected to be observed much more frequently, especiallythe stellar's jay, brown-headed cowbird, and dark-eyed junco.
Wetland l--Few of the species recorded for Wetland I andthe wetland edge community weresighted within the boundaries of the delineated wetland. Many of the ,p"Ji", recorded duringthese surveys were associated with the adjacent forest and thelnterfac. L"r*."r, the upland blutrand the wetland- Edges, orboundaries between different habitat types, *" rtigrtfv *.a -.*Uybird species that nest in one habitat and use adjacent habitats for fr;d;t rn generA, if thecontrast between the two adjacent habitat types is high, there is u ror1.rlonongly high numbersof bird species using the edge between them. The forested habitat urong trre noiti *i *"rtria*of wefland I provides a high contrast with the emergent and shrub urg&uuon ofthe wetland anda habitat tJrpe not found around Wetland 2. Several ipecies associateiwith forest habitats wererecorded for Wetland I and not in Wetland 2, including black-capped chickadee, black-headedgrosbeak, brown-headed cowbird, cedar waxwing, dari-eyed j,ro"o, MacGillivray,s warbler,orange-crorvned warbler, red-breasted nuthatch, and Stellar's jay. Only one we1-ana -*rh '
associated species ryas recorded only at wetland 1, the rotu, i-ig.tory tuif which was sighted .in October 1994 andApril 1995.
Y€tland 2.-Many more open water associated species were recorded at Wetland 2 than atWetland l. waterfowf made up most ofthe rp"ri"t recorded at wetland 2tlntwere not present.in Wetland l. Mallard was the only species of waterfowl recorded at both sites. Waterfowlrecorded at Wetland 2 included n .ti.* wigeon, Barrow's goldeneye, blue-winged teal,bufflehea4 cinnamon teal, gadwall, hooded mergaos"r, and mallard.-Fogr other iarsh and openwater associated species, great blue heron, cornmon snipe, belted kingfisher, and Virginia raiiwere recorded only at Wetland 2. The larger size ofthe wetland *aif, oilability 6fy"*-'around open water at Wetland 2 account forthe greater number of wetland associated speciesfound there.
The greatest number of individuals of waterfowl were obse-rved during October andDecember,during the wintering period. Most waterfowl species nest in interior;";rhd. and marshesnear open water and migrate to ice-free waters during the winter. Wiiter is a highly stressful
Page 6
time for most birds due to extreme weather conditions which require more enerry to survive low
temperatures. wetland 2 provides a winter food sowce and a sheltered envirorunent, protected
from winter winds. During a site reconnaissance prior to the start of surveys, more than 100
ducks flushed from WetlandZ.
MammalsF"* "s of mammals were directly observed in or adjacent to the wetlands. No happing or
otn .i"pt o" methods were used to census mammals, and the urban setting with high use by
p""p#; domestic animals accotrnt for these low results. Muskrat were frequently observed in
wetrand 2 andthey play an imporant role in maintaining the open water component of that
wetland. Black-tailed jeer andbobcat are wide rangng species that also appearedto use the
area regularly. coyote, another conrmon and wide-iangrng species, probably use ttre site, but the
r*g, "i*U.i orCo.rrtio dogr using the site made it impossible to determine if they are
currentty present. A; ;d; and picific jumping morye presently 9.:*.9o th9 site 9A it i1
likely that several ",rr"i Gi"s of small mu--dJ are also lxesent' inoluding other mice, voles,
and shrews.
Amphibians andReptiles ;ific chorus frog(formerly tree frog).ffi o*-*tptti6ian species was obsenred on the site, Pac
other species *" .lp"-J.J to occur, including red-legged frog northwestern salamander, and
long-toed salamander. Sweep net surveys of tle rt otdT. areasi did not result in any captures of
adults or juveniles and no egg masses werg foynd. Amphibians may naturally occur in low
numbers, or the environmerrrtil conditions in the two wetlands may not be suitable for these
G;i", N" ,"pil"r *"t" rigbt"a during any of the site visits, but garter snakes are likely to
occru there.
CONCLUSIONS
The two wetlands and adjacent upland areas provide habitat for a large number of bird species
and several species of -u*-utr uaupt ato urban and suburban environments- The different
characteristics of the two wetlands, op€il water at wetland 2 and adjacent forest at wetland 1,
provide much grrui* ainersitythan;th* wetland alone. Amphibian'se was lowerttran
expected witn seveJ ro*orr species not observed at the site. The reasons for the low of use
by amphibians were not identified'
The larger size of Wetl andlalong with its open water component prwides better habitat for
marsh assooiated ,p""i", than doe-s wetlandi. This was shown by both the greaternumber of
wetlan&dependent slrcies and the much larger numbers of breeding pairs, especially red-
;*;J uuct uira nertirrg t"oitores, at weuand 2. T\eproximity of Wetland 2 to the marine
shoreline also makes it readily accessible as a refuge in inclement weather for birds wintering in
the adjacent marine waters. As shown in tlre results section, wetland t has greater utility for
forest associated rp""io, due to the presence ofthis habitattype alongthe edgs ofthe wetland-
PageT
Each ofthe wetlands have unique featuresthatprovide suitable habitats for different sets of
species. Both wetlands provide rich feeding and rearing areas for many more bird species than
use them as breeding and nesting sites. Sites with abundant food sources, like these two
wetlands, are important stopping points for migratory birds as well as for the reside'lrts and
seasonal breeders.
RECOMMENDATIONS
A targsr interconnected wetland would provide better habitat than the two smaller welands now
ptereotty on the site. Animal species, including birds, have minimum territory sizes, that
'gener4fy increase with increasing body size. Combining the two wetlands into a larger wefland
would provide habitats for species whose minimum tenitory size is larger ttran either of the
currentweflands. Planting the adjacent upland areas with native trees and shrubs worrld increase
the stmctural complexity of the site and provide habitat for additional wildlife species.
The habitat would be enhanced by eliminating vehicle traffic in the site. The dirt road between
the wetlands could be eradicated and the road blocked to prevent automobile access. A gravel
parking area could be constructed to accommodate access to the site. Blocking the road would
also reduce the dumping now occurring in some areas of the wetland.
Page 8
RETpRENCES
Reynolds, R. T., J. M. Scott, and R. A. Nussbaum. 1980. A variable circular-plot melhod for
extimating bird numbers. Condor 82:309'313-
Robbins, C. S. 1981a. Bird activity levels related to weather. Pp. 301-310 in C. { nA* ar9 J.
M. Scott(eds.). Estimating tlre numbers ofterrestrial birds. Studies inAvian Biology, No. 6.
Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas.
Robbins, c. s. lgglb. Effect of time of day on bird activity. Pp.275a86.in C. J. Ralph and J.
M. Scott (eds.). Estimating the nunrbers oftenestrial birds. Sfirdies in Avian Biolory, No. 6-
Allen Press, Latuence, Kansas.
Page 9
lV:ilellif* I{*hit*f Typ+r M*$r
1 - 1lgrtls {\'*tit:tr'
I !ii{lti;,inrJ
i . lYr:il-l.r.t* I'ii.i1it,:,;' l ;:i.*tii liir.rt'i
ii' \fr*ri** \i'ir-:t'irli*r:
+ l.,lri;*rir'.i liiirlri: \*tr;iijtt'.r'
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s
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r' I'{\,\
r*,
.+
:,
;;-!ii x*a***
\it:e..:$s.tqi.,....;?.)S-
iti..
s
il
Figure W2. Number of bird spccies observed in Wetlands 1 and.2 by month. Boat
Hiven Wetlands, Port of Port-TownSend, Port Townsend, Washingon.
o(Do(l,
CLa
o
o-o
L
=z
20
18
16
14
12
10
I
6
4
2
0
EWetland 1
ElWelland 2
14 14
Oct-94 Dec'94 Feb'95 Mar-95 Apr-95
Survey Months
20
May-95 Jun-95
Table W1. Bird species observed at the Boat Haven Wetlands
in wetlana, r *jil'P#;-Poit io**end' Port Townsend'
common Name 33fi1;T,Iffiir".n"'American crow_ Carduelis uistis
American goldfinch ftrOii migrutotius
American robin Anas americana
.American wigeon Ha'aeeius leucocephalus
Bald eagllt Hirundo rustica
Barn swallow Buceptrata istanOica
Barrow's goldeneYe Ceryfe akyonBeltedkingfisher ff'yomasires Uewickii
Bewicks wren parus atricapillusBlack'capqe{ad{{f pd;;;;ftanocephalus
Black-headed grosbeaK AnasdiscorsB[ilil9T#'"bird *::m::f-"Bufflehead psatfiparus minimusBushtit Bombycilla cedonrmCedarwa:rwing Anas iyanoptera
Cinnamon teal C.fInJgo giUinugo
Common snipe Ceoiiii'-piJtrictrusCommon Yellowthroat nr* ti"r"fis
Dark-eYed ju19o Sn'nus"vutgats
European stading pust"i"UuitiucuFoxsPariow A"asstrepera
33il?l*.*'*spanow ftlfil'm*""nnt"Great blue heron tu.s argentatusHening gtll f,o'oJi* cucullatus
Hooded merganser C"hoOi.ur mexicanus
House finch pur[t Oo,n*ti.ot
House sParrow Troglodytes aedon
House wren Chi*Ariur vociferus
fffffit"*t'swarbrer g::"#:ny;*
Mallard Colaptes auratus
Northem flicker ;GiJopr"ry* senipennis'r.io:riilli l";grt-winged swallow t]"r,,,inor" ""lutuOrange-crowned warblcr i"ppt"r *i"rU"Pigeonguillemot C"fioa.*r purpureus
Purole finchiHj;**A nuthatch sitta canadensis
il"a-*ing.a uru*uii fff:frXi3gililt:TJ. Ring-necked pheasant 'C-oiurUu fiuiul$l'Hi,"*rarer 5''*i.*"*Jlt''Rufous hummrngotro piplio erythophthalmus
Rufous'sided towhee i;;;;l*;'*dwichensisSavannah sparrow ecclpiter striatus
inarpstrinrieO trawt il;l*piza melodiaSongsParrow porzanacarolinaSora Cvanocitta stelleri
Stellat's Jay ifficineau ttralassina
Violet-green swallow
virginiaral . : X'*lt#i:ScophrYsWhite-crowned sparow ilgroov,"r trodirAytes
Winter wren Den-droica petechia
Yellow warbler p"nOroic" ioronata
Yellow-nrmPed warbler
and their distribution
Washington.
Wetland I Wetland2XXXXXXx
Blufr Bluffxi
XXxxx
x x
XX
x xxx
x
FO
xx xx
x
Xx
xxxxxrcxx
x
Xxx
xxxxx
Bluffxxx
FOxxx
xxxx
xx
x
Bluffx
Xxrcxxxxxx
xxxxxx
Table 2. SPecies Ridrness
Wetland 2Wetland 1
Falt (1994)Summer (199$.Fall (199a)
Emergent Stratum
Shrub Stratum
Total SPecies
Event Summer (1995)
17
3
16
4
20
16
3
15
2
19 t720
CONCLUSION
Thevegetationbaselinemonitoringdidnot'loyastrongseasonalll:"d(fall/summer)in
the wetlands. A totar of 3g species (32 effi* *q 7 shnrbs) *iru "t cot t tered at both wettrands'
of these sr species six"sie.i[, *ur. qg*r-ffi.a to be invasive/exotic, and are likely to expand as a
result of clearing o, otri* activities that expose bare soil surfaces.
Emergent communities domifantsoth wetlands' Shrub species are a minor component of
both wetrands. I";;;iti;it " *"trarras a* diverse in species aittrougn-species richness did not
vary significantlybJ;;;;-it " t*o wetrands or berween sairpling evet tr. F{ard-stemmed bulrush,
a dominant in both werlands had died ;.n of t-he fau *tr,pting,ir$ougf provided approximate$
the same cover live or dead. Btilrush *"r i alrr,it ant spe_ciis in"wethndl,ind a codominant with
msh species in wetland z. The op." *J.i p*;il.**nd 2 are too deep to support emergent
prants, however, it is anticipated if waieiii*rr i" the pond drop below 3-feet oi more, burrush
would vegetate those areas'
ItisrecommendedthattlrereedcanarygrasspopulationinWetlandlbemonitoredyearly
to detennine if this invasive species is continuiig to spr.elJ' Hand removal of the entire plant and
rhizomes may be necessary on u oniffiG[ to i.itrit"ire ib' encroachment on other native
wetland sPecies.
ShcHon &,/|ssociclf5'Inc.
8Port of Port
Vegaadon Monitcring and Plant Assessment
Aug',sr76,l99S
REFERENCES
Literature Cited
Federal Interagency committee for wetrand Derineation GICWD). 1ggg. Federal manual for
identifying
t t;;il;.1i"i ;"tirai.iional wetlands. u.s. Army corps of Engineers'
U.S. Environmental protectiorf.IS.l.la Utt Fjsh and Wildlife Sirvice' and USDA Soil
conservation service. washington, D.c. Cooperative technical publication' 76 pp' plus
cowardin, L.M., V. carter, F.C.-Golet, and E'T' La Roe' 1979' classification of wetlands and deep
warer habirars of the united il;- GWS/OBS-7g/37> U.S. Fish and wildlife service'
Washington, D'C'
Daubenmire, R. 1959' A canopy<overage
64.
method of vegetation analysis' Northwest Scienee' 33243-
appendices.
Washington.
Horner,R.R andKJ. r{aedeke. 19g9. Guide for wetland mitigation qr?Tt-rynitoring: operational
draft. wasrrinlion&t" Deparrment of rransportation- WA-RD 195'
Port Townsend, City of . octobgr, 1992. Sensitive areas ordinance. City of Port Townsend, wA.
us. Environmental protection Agency, u.s. Fish and wildlife service, and usDA soil conservation
service. w";li"d; D."c. 6";;;;;iectrnicat publication. 76P.P- plus appendices'
washington Department of Ecology. 1gg3. washington state wetlands Rating system: western
washington.- publicat iorr-{gg-;i.- washing6n state Department of Ecology' olympia'
Shc klon & Asocia t a, Inc.
Pdt of Port 9
V€getadon Monltding and Plant Ass€ssmerrt
Aug,t st 76,7995
APPENDUT A
WETI,AND LOCATION ITIAP
ndix A. Port of Port Tow nsend Wetland Location
APPENDUT B
LOCATIONS OF TRAI{SECTS AIYD PIIOTOPOINTS
Appendix B. port of port Townsend - Approximate Locations of Transects and Photopoints (scale 1"=150').rT* .r.llri.ifit,\,z''.>e'!'' \.2'!t?.-/ "':.,t. .'11'.22<J-s;I!.// tt///{5S oure: City of Pott Tswtsul /rissor's trilapz4gzf t
APPENDIX C
PHOTOGRAPHS
*# "ei{f# qtrrrt& ?4M# "trf?.ff r*$l.f',J^f{l4fi.#Jdt4& xFffi#'6fi #.Xt1r_&r.tlqd *,t'dftdww.i wt t*.#tA.t."*$' -ssiit4'*. Q*&q{& . vtw#S# N|iltfr.
g .&r.ffi tl"L$rc* *s"# ''''l. ;'i d"V *r.Nt $"&, 6t$+te 1'e#'**tu\,N M#l/r\.v #4r#,8.#w*& w#gg ft+fit/,""
APPENDUT D
PORT OF PORT TOUTNSEND WETLAI{D PLAIIT LIST
Port of Port Townsend
Ptant Species List
bent grassAgrostis speciesAGSP
lady fernAthy r itt m fi I ix-fem i naATFE
Canada thistleCirsittm arlrenseCIAR
edible thistleCirsiurn edu.leCIED
orchard moming-g16ryC o tw o lvttltts atry e nsisCOAR
dunegrassElymw speciesELSP
rosebay willowherbEpilobium a ngustifo liumEPAN
Watson's willowherbEpilobium watsoniiEPWA
field horsetailEquisetum aflenseEQAR
scouring rushEqu.isetum hyemaleEQHY
cleaversGalium aparineGAAP
common velvet-grassHolcus lanatusHOLA
yellow flag irisIris pseud.acorusIRPS
rushJuncus qteciesrusP
duckweedLemna minorLEMI
Lolium prenne perennial ryegrassLOPE
lupine qpeciesLupinus speciesLUSPP
white sweet-cloverMelilotus albaMEAL
field mintMentha anensisMEAR
Phalaris arundinacea reed canary grassPHAR
Plantago laceolata English plantainPLI-A
silverweedPotentil la anserina spp.
pa.cifica.
POAN
black cottenwood (shrub)Populas trichocatpaPOTR
Pterdium aqu.ilinum bracken fernIrrAQ
D-1
Nootka rose (shrub)Rosa nutkanaRONU
peafruit rose (shrub)Rosa pisocarpaROPI
curled dockRwnex crispttsRUCR
salmon berry (shrub)Rttbtts spectabilisRUSP
Pacific willow Ghntb)Salix lasiandraSALA
willow species (shrub)Salix speciesSASPP
hard-sternmed bulrush (dead)Scirytts lacustris spp. validusscAc - D
Sciryus lacustris ipp. validus hard-stemmed bulnrsh (hve)scAc - L
European bittersweetSolanum dulcumaraSODU
common hardhack Ghntb)Sptraea douglasiiSPDO
common dandelionTcraxacttnt fficinaleTAOF
Typha lardolia common cattailTYLA
tufted vetchVicia craccaVICR
D-2
APPPNDIX E
EMERGENT COVER DATA
Summer 1995 Monitoring
AGSPg/"
EAAR
9/o
Other (Trace)
51"PHAR
TYIA 6tl'
SCAC - live
56P/"
IRPS
1Clo
Port of Port Townsend
Wetland 1 - Monitoring
'Note: Other
EoAR, PIJA
'Note: other (Trace) represe_nts specles amounting to t/. or less coverage. zrese qpecies include:LopE, Juspp,HOLA POAN, Untdentitied Grass. COAR, E\WA, C|AR, RUCR, ATF1 ina eUp-
Emergent Cover
T:?)ry:?pg_"t*:.lamounttuV to t% of tess @veage- rhese specres tnctude: EpWhQOAR, GAAP, SOOU, HOIA C|ED, LEM|, WCR, rOAe lin,A"nfurAl-Zil\ipp.
AGSPg/"
Fall1994 Monitoring
Other(Trace)
*/"
SCAC - dead
Wo
IRPS
7Ot"
PHAR
13Yo
TYIA
ty"
p94p SCAC - llve
4./c 3?6
E-1
CHWLI PIE.XLS: 7t1o/95
Port of Port Townsend
Wetland 2 Monitoring Emergent Cover
Summer 1995 Monitoring
orrcp&1
POAN
?/"
EPWA
@AR
2*
EOHY
to/.
scAc -live
N/.
CIiAR
10%
AGSP
ts%JUSPP
25%
Fall1994 Monitoring
PIAO*
SCAC: d..d
3Kl3
othc(frol*CIAR'1*
AGSPrar
scAc
7T
'Note: Other (Trace) rbpresents species amounting to 17" or less coveraoe. These specles
lnclude:VlCR, SCAC (dead), HOU, ELSP, llnidentilied Grass, MEAR, EPAN, and TAOF.
'Note:' Other (Trae) rePresents specles amounting to 1/o or tess @varage. These speclaslnclude: HOIA, CIED, MEAL, COAR, ELSP, RUCR, and V\CR.
E-2 CHWL2PIE.XLS: 7l1Ol95