HomeMy WebLinkAboutWSDOT Protected Bicycle FacilitiesShared Use Paths
or Trails
Physically separated facilities like
shared-use paths for bicyclists and
pedestrians encourage more walking
and bicycling. These facilities are
often found along waterways,
abandoned or active railroad and
utility rights-of-way, limited access
highways, or through parks and open
space areas. Along high-speed, high-
volume highways, paths and trails
can be safer and more desirable
than sidewalks or bike lanes. Paths
and trails immediately adjacent
to roadways may cross numerous
Protected Bike Lanes: Raised and CurbSeparated
Raised bicycle lanes may
be at the level of the
adjacent sidewalk, or set
at an intermediate level
between the roadway
and sidewalk to separate
the bicyclists from
pedestrians. A raised bike
lane may be combined
with a parking lane or
other barrier between the
bike lane and the motor
Protected Bike Lanes: At Grade, Protected with Flexible Bollards or Other Separation
A protected bike lane, sometimes called a cycle track or separated bike lane,
is a type of preferential lane as defined by the MUTCD (See Federal Highway
Administration (2009), Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, Section 2G.01).
Protected bike lanes are bike facilities that use a variety of methods for physical
protection from passing traffic. By dedicating and protecting space for the cyclist,
these facilities reduce risk of ‘dooring’ compared to a conventional bike lane
and eliminate the risk of a fallen bicyclist being run over by a motor vehicle. In
situations where on-street parking is allowed, protected bike lanes are located to
the curb-side of the parking (in contrast to conventional bike lanes). Bollards, or
posts can be installed along a bike lane to make the separation clear to cyclists
and drivers, and increase cyclists’ sense of security. Bollards can range from
flexible posts to more rigid posts. See NACTO Urban Bikeway Design Guide for
additional design detail and MUTCD Section 3B.24 for signage and marking
requirements.
Buffered Bike
Lanes
Buffered bike lanes are
conventional bicycle lanes
paired with a designated
buffer space, frequently
using painted markings,
separating the bicycle
lane from the adjacent
motor vehicle travel lane
and/or parking lane as
defined by MUTCD Section
Properly designed intersections are critical to ensure bicycle safety and connectivity. Designs
for intersections with bicycle facilities should reduce conflict between bicyclists and vehicles
by heightening the level of visibility, denoting a clear right-of-way, and facilitating eye contact
and awareness with competing modes. Intersection treatments can resolve both queuing
and merging maneuvers for bicyclists, and are often coordinated with timed or specialized
signals. See NACTO Urban Bikeway Design Guide for additional intersection design detail and
Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals Bicycle Parking Guidelines for more bicycle
parking guidance.
Bike Crossings-Intersections, Parking & Signage
Contact:
Paula Reeves
WSDOT Engineering Policy and Innovation
360-705-7258
Reevesp@wsdot.wa.gov
WSDOT Websites:
http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/bike
http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/walk
ADA: This material can be made available in an alternate format by emailing the WSDOT Diversity/ADA Affairs Team at wsdotada@wsdot.wa.gov or by calling toll free, 855-362-4ADA (4232). Persons who are deaf or hard of hearing may make
a request by calling the Washington State Relay at 711.
Title VI: It is the Washington State Department of Transportation’s (WSDOT) policy to assure that no person shall, on the grounds of race, color, national origin or sex, as provided by Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, be excluded from
participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be otherwise discriminated against under any of its federally funded programs and activities. Any person who believes his/her Title VI protection has been violated, may file a complaint with WSDOT’s
Office of Equal Opportunity (OEO). For additional information regarding Title VI complaint procedures and/or information regarding our non-discrimination obligations, please contact OEO’s Title VI Coordinator Jonte’ Robinson at (360) 705-7082.
WSDOT’s primary goal is to make sure people get to where they’re going safely no matter whether they drive, take the bus or train, bike, or walk. To help
achieve our safety goals and make everyday bicycle travel better, WSDOT is developing a statewide system of interconnected corridors, parking, signage, and
programs. Designing our transportation system to better accommodate bicyclists will help to resolve multiple complex and interrelated issues, including traffic
congestion, air quality, climate change, public health, and livability.
WSDOT recognizes that bicyclists and pedestrians are vulnerable road users making up about 16 percent of all traffic fatalities statewide. When involved in a
traffic collision, cyclists are seriously injured or killed over 90 percent of the time. Motor vehicle drivers and occupants are seriously injured or killed 39 and 30
percent of the time respectively. Nationally and in Washington State, pedestrian and cyclist deaths have been rising while overall traffic fatalities have declined.
Improving safety for bicyclists and pedestrians often requires either slowing down vehicle speeds or physically separating or protecting bicyclists from fast
moving traffic. This poster provides examples of some of the different types of bicycle facility designs that, when applied in the appropriate circumstances, will
help improve safety for the traveling public.
Conventional Bike Lanes
Bike lanes designate an exclusive space for bicyclists through the
use of pavement markings and signage and are primarily installed
to increase the mobility of bicyclists in congested areas. They are
best applied where motor vehicle speeds are lower. The bike lane is
located directly adjacent to motor vehicle travel lanes and flows in
the same direction as motor vehicle traffic. Bike lanes are typically on
the right side of the street, between the adjacent travel lane and curb,
road edge, or parking lane. See AASHTO’s Guide for the Development
of Bicycle Facilities, Chapter 4 Design of On-Road Facilities and
WSDOT Design Manual, Chapter 1520.09 Bicycle Lane Design for
additional detail.
Bike Boulevards
or Neighborhood Greenways
Bicycle boulevards are streets with low motorized traffic volumes
and speeds, designated and designed to give bicycle travel priority.
Bicycle Boulevards use signs, pavement markings, and speed and
volume management measures to discourage through trips by motor
vehicles and create safe, convenient bicycle crossings of busy arterial
streets. On bike boulevards, shared lane markings, or “sharrows,” are
preferred road markings used to indicate a shared lane for bicycles and
motor vehicles. Among other benefits shared lane markings provide
direction and reinforce the legitimacy of bicycle traffic on the street
and recommend proper bicyclist positioning. The Shared Lane Marking
is the bike-and-chevron “sharrow,” illustrated in MUTCD figure 9C-9
and cannot be used on shoulders, in designated bicycle lanes, or to
designate bicycle detection at signalized intersections.
(MUTCD 9C.07 03).
SHARED LANE
MARKINGS
Centerline of
pavement
marking
placed
at least 4’
from curb
BIKE LANE
BUFFERED
BIKE LANE
PROTECTED BIKE LANES:
AT-GRADE,
PROTECTED
WITH
FLEXIBLE
BOLLARDS
OR OTHER
SEPARATION
PROTECTED BIKE LANES:
RAISED AND
CURB
SEPARATED
Complete curb
separation
or optional
mountable curb
SHARED USE
PATHS OR TRAILS
Illustration concept credit to NACTO
IMPROVING
TRANSPORTATION
DESIGN FOR BICYCLING
IN WASHINGTON
intersecting roads and driveways that
create hazards and other problems for
path users. Creating safe and accessible
intersections between paths and the road
network is one of the most important
aspects of design. For additional detail,
see AASHTO’s Guide for the Development
of Bicycle Facilities, Section 5 Design
of Shared Use Paths and NACTO Urban
Bikeway Design Guide. See also WSDOT
Design Manual, Chapter 1515.
vehicle travel lane, and may allow for
one-way or two-way travel by bicyclists.
These facilities may be most appropriate
along higher speed streets with few
driveways and cross streets or along
streets with multiple lanes, high traffic
volumes, high speed traffic, high demand
for double parking, and high parking
turnover where bike lanes may not
provide enough protection. For additional
detail, see NACTO’s Urban Bikeway
Design Guide and MUTCD Figure 9C-3 for
signage and marking requirements.
3D-01. See MUTCD
Sections 3D-02 and
3B.24 for signage and
marking requirements.
See also NACTO Urban
Bikeway Design Guide for
additional design detail.