HomeMy WebLinkAbout05 - May Newsletter - Annual Drinking Water Report2015 Port Townsend
Annual Drinking Water Report
Water Sources
The City of Port Townsend’s water supply (System ID # 69000R) is surface water from the Big Quilcene and Little
Quilcene Rivers (Source # 01 and 02) in the northeast corner of the Olympic National Forest. Water is stored in
Lords Lake and City Lake Reservoirs. As with all surface water sources, the Washington Department of Health
(DOH) rates the City’s source water as highly susceptible to contamination. The City and U.S. Forest Service continue
to cooperate in a joint effort to manage and protect the municipal watershed to maintain high quality drinking water
as we have for the past 87 years.
System Operation and Treatment
After inspecting the watershed and reviewing control measures in 2013, the Washington State Department of Health
(DOH) notified the City that the water system did not have an adequate level of watershed control. While water
quality has not changed, the Department of Health determined that the watershed control program did not meet their
current expectations for managing public access within the municipal watershed and as a result the water system is
considered to be out of drinking water regulatory treatment compliance. Chlorine disinfection continues to provide
protection from microbial contaminants, which generally is more than adequate. In response to the DOH
determination, the City changed its planned future treatment from ultra violet light disinfection to filtration.
Inadequately treated water may contain disease-causing organisms. These organisms include bacteria, viruses, and
parasites that can cause symptoms such as, nausea, cramps, diarrhea, and associated headaches.
Our water system is operated and maintained by trained personnel certified by the State. Water quality sampling
results are for the monitoring performed January 1 – December 31, 2015. Drinking water quality continues to meet or
exceed all federal and state health standards. The DOH has placed Port Townsend in a green operating status, which
represents that the water system is substantially in compliance with applicable drinking water requirements.
Future Water Treatment
Facility and Reservoir
Construction of the City’s membrane
water facility and replacement 5
million gallon reservoir are well
underway. The membrane water
filtration system, which will be
operational by October this year, will
ensure adequate treatment for
Cryptosporidium, a microscopic
parasite that is resistant to chlorine
treatment. The membrane system will
remove particles larger than 0.04
microns. Chlorine will continue to be
added to the City’s water after
filtration to provide an additional
safety barrier and maintain the
required disinfectant residual
throughout the distribution system.
Visit the City’s webpage for project
updates:
https://ptdrinkingwaterprojects.wordpress.com/. Construction of water treatment facility
Water Use Efficiency Report
Efficient water use benefits the environment, water system operations, and our customers by maintaining more water
in the streams and lowering operating costs. Last year an average of 932,052 gallons of water per day was delivered
to 10,124 customers as well as thousands of visitors. Total City consumption was 340 million gallons with residential
consumption averaging 58 gallons per person per day.
Of the total consumption 6.6% or 22.5 million gallons was unaccounted for by customer meters or other measurement,
while the 3 year average loss was 7.7%. Unaccounted for water is lost through such things as under-registering meters,
use of fire hydrants, and leaking underground pipes. Port Townsend has an ongoing leak detection program to inspect
the water system for leaks to reduce unaccounted for water. During 2015, approximately 29.7 miles of distribution
system piping were surveyed for leaks.
Potential Contaminants
Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some
contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More
information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the EPA’s Safe Drinking
Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791).
The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs,
springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring
minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals
or from human activity. Contaminants that may be present in source water include:
Microbial contaminants, such as viruses, protozoans, and bacteria, which may come from wildlife, people and
pets visiting the watershed.
Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally occurring.
Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from sources such as forestry management.
Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which can come from
vehicles in the watershed or that result from chlorine combining with naturally occurring organic matter.
Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-
compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ
transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly
at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers.
EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial
contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791). General guidelines on ways
to lessen the risk of infection by microbes are available from the City’s web site http://www.cityofpt.us/Water/docs/
immuneguidance.pdf
In order to ensure tap water is safe to drink, the Department of Health and EPA prescribe regulations that limit the
amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
and the Washington Department of Agriculture regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water, which
must provide the same protection for public health. While the City tests for more than eighty different contaminants,
the substances listed in the following tables are the only ones detected in our drinking water. Sampling for certain
contaminants occurs less than once per year because concentrations of these contaminants are not expected to vary
significantly from year to year. All data shown were collected during the last calendar year unless otherwise noted in
the tables.
Lead & Drinking Water
Lead does not commonly occur in source water but may come from corrosion of building plumbing, faucets, and
water fixtures. The City of Port Townsend did not use lead service lines, however home built before 1987 were
often constructed with copper pipes and lead based solder. Faucets, valves, and other components made of brass
also typically contained a small amount of lead. Congress banned the use of pipes, solder or flux that were not “lead
free” in public water systems or plumbing in facilities providing water for human consumption in 1986.
In order to determine if water the City serves is causing corrosion of a home’s plumbing and lead leaching, the City
has regularly tested water at a number of houses identified as having copper plumbing with lead based solder. Since
the sampling began in 1992, lead testing results have always been below the EPA regulatory action levels.
As a reminder, flushing the tap is particularly important when the faucet has gone unused for more than a few hours.
It takes time for lead to dissolve in water, so the first water drawn from the tap in the morning or after a long period
of non-use can contain higher levels of lead. Flushing clears standing water from your plumbing fixtures and home
service lines to ensure you are getting drinking water from the water distribution mains, where lead is rarely present.
Let the water run from the tap until it is noticeably colder (this may take up to two minutes or more) before using it
for cooking or drinking. Remember, you must flush each drinking water faucet after long periods of non-use. Lead
leaches more easily into hot water than cold water so use only cold water for cooking or drinking.
Residential Testing MCL MCLG 90th
Percentile
Number of
Samples
Exceeding AL
Year
Sampled
Meets
Standards
Typical Source of
Contaminant
Copper (ppm) AL=1.3 0 0.69 0 of 20 2013 Yes Corrosion of household
plumbing systems
Lead (ppb) AL=15 0 7 1 of 20 2013 Yes Corrosion of household
plumbing systems
• If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children.
Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. Port
Townsend is responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but cannot control the variety of materials used in
plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure
by flushing your tap for thirty seconds to two minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned
about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods,
and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.
• Copper is an essential nutrient, but some people who drink water containing copper in excess of the action level over a
relatively short period of time could experience gastrointestinal distress. Some people who drink water containing copper in
excess of the action level over many years could suffer liver or kidney damage. People with Wilson’s disease should
consult their personal doctor.
Port Townsend Annual Water Quality Analysis
Inorganic
Constituents
(Source Water)
MCL MCLG
Port
Townsend
Water
Range of
Detections
Year
Sampled
Meets
Standards
Typical Source of
Contaminant
Barium (ppm) 2 2 0.003 One sample 2013 Yes Erosion of natural
deposits
• Some people who drink water containing barium in excess of the MCL over many years could experience an increase in their
blood pressure.
Microbiological
Constituents MCL MCLG Range of
Detections
Testing Frequency Meets
Standards
Typical Source of
Contaminant
Turbidity (NTU) TT = 5 0 0.23-1.03 Continuous Yes Soil runoff
• Turbidity is a measure of the cloudiness of the water. We monitor it because it is a good indicator of water quality. High
turbidity can hinder the effectiveness of disinfectants.
Disinfection
Constituents MCL MCLG Range of
Detections Testing Frequency Meets
Standards
Typical Source of
Contaminant
Chlorine (ppm) MRDL=4 MRDLG=4 0.28-2.03 Continuous Yes Water additive used to
control microbes
Haloacetic Acids
(HAAs) (ppb) 60 NA 21.2-47.2 Quarterly Yes By-product of drinking
water
chlorination
Total Organic
Carbon (mg/L) TT NA 0.55-1.02 Quarterly NA Naturally present in the
environment
Total
Trihalomethanes
(TTHMs) (ppb)
80 NA 28.4-67.7 Quarterly Yes By-product of drinking
water
chlorination
• Chlorine is used for microbiological disinfection of the drinking water. Some people who use water containing chlorine
well in excess of the MRDL could experience irritating effects to their eyes and nose. Some people who drink water
containing chlorine well in excess of the MRDL could experience stomach discomfort.
• Total organic carbon (TOC) has no health effects. However, total organic carbon provides a medium for the formation of
disinfection byproducts. These byproducts include trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). Drinking water
containing these byproducts in excess of the MCL may lead to adverse health effects, liver or kidney problems, or nervous
system effects and may lead to an increased risk of getting cancer.
• Some people who drink water containing trihalomethanes in excess of the MCL over many years may experience problems
with liver, kidneys, or central nervous systems, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
• Some people who drink water containing haloacetic acids in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk
of getting cancer.
Definitions
Action Level (AL): The concentration of a contaminant which, when exceeded, triggers treatment or other
requirements which a water system must follow.
Lead and Copper 90th Percentile: Out of every 10 homes sampled, 9 were at or below this level.
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water.
MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is
no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL): The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water.
There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG): The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which
there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to
control microbial contaminants.
NA: Not Applicable
ND: Not Detected or below State Reporting Limit.
NTU: Nephelometric Turbidity Units - a measure of the cloudiness of the water.
ppb: Parts per billion or micrograms per liter (µg/L).
ppm: Parts per million or milligrams per liter (mg/L).
Treatment Technique (TT): A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.
Public Comment
The public is invited to participate in decisions that affect drinking water through comment to the Port Townsend
City Council. Information about scheduled meetings is available through the City Administration Office (379-5047)
or via the City’s web site: http://www.cityofpt.us/calendar/events.asp?action=week&calendar=1. If you have any
additional questions about the drinking water or would like a complete list of substances we test for please call Ian
Jablonski at the Port Townsend Department of Water Quality (379-5001). Information is also available on the
City’s web site: http://www.cityofpt.us/waterquality.htm.